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Unsupervised anomaly detection and localization, as of one the most practical and challenging problems in computer vision, has received great attention in recent years. From the time the MVTec AD dataset was proposed to the present, new…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Ye Zheng , Xiang Wang , Yu Qi , Wei Li , Liwei Wu

Deep anomaly detection models using a supervised mode of learning usually work under a closed set assumption and suffer from overfitting to previously seen rare anomalies at training, which hinders their applicability in a real scenario. In…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-26 Behzad Bozorgtabar , Dwarikanath Mahapatra , Guillaume Vray , Jean-Philippe Thiran

Unsupervised graph-level anomaly detection (UGAD) has received remarkable performance in various critical disciplines, such as chemistry analysis and bioinformatics. Existing UGAD paradigms often adopt data augmentation techniques to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Jindong Li , Qianli Xing , Qi Wang , Yi Chang

Detection of artificial objects from underwater imagery gathered by Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) is a key requirement for many subsea applications. Real-world AUV image datasets tend to be very large and unlabelled. Furthermore,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-09 Suraj Bijjahalli , Oscar Pizarro , Stefan B. Williams

Unsupervised anomaly detection (UAD) is a widely adopted approach in industry due to rare anomaly occurrences and data imbalance. A desirable characteristic of an UAD model is contained generalization ability which excels in the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-29 YeongHyeon Park , Sungho Kang , Myung Jin Kim , Hyeonho Jeong , Hyunkyu Park , Hyeong Seok Kim , Juneho Yi

Anomaly detection from a single image is challenging since anomaly data is always rare and can be with highly unpredictable types. With only anomaly-free data available, most existing methods train an AutoEncoder to reconstruct the input…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-23 Yunfei Liu , Chaoqun Zhuang , Feng Lu

We introduce a Three-Dimensional Convolutional Variational Autoencoder (3D-CVAE) for automated anomaly detection in Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy Spectrum Imaging (EELS-SI) data. Our approach leverages the full three-dimensional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Seyfal Sultanov , James P Buban , Robert F Klie

Unsupervised Anomaly Detection has become a popular method to detect pathologies in medical images as it does not require supervision or labels for training. Most commonly, the anomaly detection model generates a "normal" version of an…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-26 Felix Meissen , Johannes Paetzold , Georgios Kaissis , Daniel Rueckert

Anomaly detection is a classical but worthwhile problem, and many deep learning-based anomaly detection algorithms have been proposed, which can usually achieve better detection results than traditional methods. In view of reconstruct…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-16 Chunkai Zhang , Shaocong Li , Hongye Zhang , Yingyang Chen

We present a refined version of the Anomaly Awareness framework for enhancing unsupervised anomaly detection. Our approach introduces minimal supervision into Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) through a two-stage training strategy: the model…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-04-17 Adam Banda , Charanjit K. Khosa , Veronica Sanz

Anomaly detection suffered from the lack of anomalies due to the diversity of abnormalities and the difficulties of obtaining large-scale anomaly data. Semi-supervised anomaly detection methods are often used to solely leverage normal data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Jian Shi , Ni Zhang

Anomaly detection without priors of the anomalies is challenging. In the field of unsupervised anomaly detection, traditional auto-encoder (AE) tends to fail based on the assumption that by training only on normal images, the model will not…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Yajie Cui , Zhaoxiang Liu , Shiguo Lian

Deep autoencoder has been extensively used for anomaly detection. Training on the normal data, the autoencoder is expected to produce higher reconstruction error for the abnormal inputs than the normal ones, which is adopted as a criterion…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-07 Dong Gong , Lingqiao Liu , Vuong Le , Budhaditya Saha , Moussa Reda Mansour , Svetha Venkatesh , Anton van den Hengel

Semi-supervised anomaly detection aims to detect anomalies from normal samples using a model that is trained on normal data. With recent advancements in deep learning, researchers have designed efficient deep anomaly detection methods.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Hadi Hojjati , Narges Armanfard

The task of anomaly detection is to separate anomalous data from normal data in the dataset. Models such as deep convolutional autoencoder (CAE) network and deep supporting vector data description (SVDD) model have been universally employed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Wei Huang , Bingyang Zhang , Kaituo Zhang , Hua Gao , Rongchun Wan

Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDS) are essential tools for detecting network attacks and intrusions. While extensive research has explored the use of supervised Machine Learning for attack detection and characterisation, these…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Georgios Anyfantis , Pere Barlet-Ros

As attention to recorded data grows in the realm of automotive testing and manual evaluation reaches its limits, there is a growing need for automatic online anomaly detection. This real-world data is complex in many ways and requires the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Lucas Correia , Jan-Christoph Goos , Philipp Klein , Thomas Bäck , Anna V. Kononova

Anomaly localization is an important problem in computer vision which involves localizing anomalous regions within images with applications in industrial inspection, surveillance, and medical imaging. This task is challenging due to the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-20 Shashanka Venkataramanan , Kuan-Chuan Peng , Rajat Vikram Singh , Abhijit Mahalanobis

The core challenge in unsupervised anomaly detection is identifying abnormal patterns without prior knowledge of their characteristics. While existing methods have addressed aspects of this problem, they often struggle to learn a robust…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Prithul Sarker , Sushmita Sarker , Nicholas G. Murray , Alireza Tavakkoli

Reconstruction-based approaches have achieved remarkable outcomes in anomaly detection. The exceptional image reconstruction capabilities of recently popular diffusion models have sparked research efforts to utilize them for enhanced…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Haoyang He , Jiangning Zhang , Hongxu Chen , Xuhai Chen , Zhishan Li , Xu Chen , Yabiao Wang , Chengjie Wang , Lei Xie