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The superconducting diode effect is an asymmetry in the critical current with respect to the supercurrent polarity. One impetus driving recent interest in the effect is its dependence on intrinsic or microscopic symmetry breaking…

Nonreciprocal superconductivity, also called as superconducting diode effect that spontaneously breaks time-reversal symmetry, is characterized by asymmetric critical currents under opposite applied current directions. This distinct state…

The superconducting diode effect is one of the nonreciprocal transport phenomena, where the critical current depends on the current direction. This effect is typically realized in superconductors with broken spatial-inversion and…

The significance of the superconducting diode effect lies in its potential application as a fundamental component in the development of next-generation superconducting circuit technology. The stringent operating conditions at low…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-02-27 Yiwen Zhang , Jiliang Cai , Peng Dong , Jiadian He , Yifan Ding , Jinghui Wang , Xiang Zhou , Kecheng Cao , Yueshen Wu , Jun Li

We analyze the presence of non-reciprocal critical currents, the so-called superconducting diode effect, in chiral superconductors within a generalized Ginzburg-Landau framework. After deriving its key symmetry conditions we illustrate the…

Superconductivity · Physics 2022-12-13 Bastian Zinkl , Keita Hamamoto , Manfred Sigrist

Nonreciprocity in superconductors is attracting much interest owing to its fundamental importance as well as its potential applicability to engineering. In this paper, we generalize the previous theories of the intrinsic superconducting…

Superconductivity · Physics 2022-12-20 Akito Daido , Youichi Yanase

Nonreciprocal transport effects can occur in the normal state of conductors and in superconductors when both inversion and time-reversal symmetry are broken. Here, we consider systems where magnetochiral anisotropy (MCA) of the energy…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-01-03 Georg Angehrn , Henry F. Legg , Daniel Loss , Jelena Klinovaja

We show that spin-orbit coupling at the interface between a superconducting film of the finite lateral size and the underlying ferromagnetic insulator with in-plane exchange field gives rise to a series of non-reciprocal effects provided…

Superconductivity · Physics 2023-12-21 A. V. Putilov , S. V. Mironov , A. I. Buzdin

We argue that certain materials exhibit asymmetry of their mechanical and conducting properties with respect to clockwise/counterclockwise rotation. We show that a cylinder made of a suitably chosen semiconductor coated in a metallic film…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-10-01 M. N. Chernodub

Two-dimensional (2D) superconductors, characterized by their inherent quantum confinement, strong spin-orbit coupling, and diverse forms of symmetry breaking, provide an ideal platform for exploring novel quantum transport phenomena. This…

Superconductivity · Physics 2026-03-03 Xingrong Ren , Huiqing Ye , Tian Le

The recent discovery of intrinsic supercurrent diode effect, and its prompt observation in a rich variety of systems, has shown that nonreciprocal supercurrents naturally emerge when both space- and time-inversion symmetries are broken. In…

Altermagnets have recently emerged as a distinct class of magnetic systems that exhibit spin splitting of electronic bands while retaining zero net magnetization. This unique combination makes them a promising platform for time-reversal…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-01-08 Constantin Schrade , Sujit Manna , Mathias S. Scheurer

In Josephson diodes the asymmetry between positive and negative current branch of the current-phase relation leads to a polarity-dependent critical current and Josephson inductance. The supercurrent nonreciprocity can be described as a…

We demonstrate nonreciprocal critical current in 65 nm thick polycrystalline and epitaxial Nb thin films patterned into tracks. The nonreciprocal behavior gives a supercurrent diode effect, where the current passed in one direction is a…

Superconductivity · Physics 2023-06-01 N. Satchell , P. M. Shepley , M. C. Rosamond , G. Burnell

The superconducting diode effect (SDE) refers to the nonreciprocity of superconducting critical currents for the metal-superconductor transition. Generally, the SDE has a positive and a negative critical current $j_{c\pm}$ corresponding to…

Superconductivity · Physics 2025-01-03 Yu-Chen Zhuang , Qing-Feng Sun

Supercurrent rectification, nonreciprocal response of superconducting properties sensitive to the polarity of bias and magnetic field, has attracted growing interest as an ideal diode. While the superconducting rectification effect is a…

Superconductivity · Physics 2025-04-18 Yusuke Kobayashi , Junichi Shiogai , Tsutomu Nojima , Jobu Matsuno

Nonreciprocal dissipationless transport has long been sought for applications in superconducting technologies. Recently, it has been implemented by the so called superconducting diode effect. Such effect arises from an imbalance in critical…

We present measurements demonstrating that copper-oxide high-temperature superconductors can exhibit broken time-reversal symmetry in the absence of external magnetic fields. Using $Tl_{2}Ba_{2}CaCu_{2}O_{8}$ microbridges, we observe a…

Superconductivity · Physics 2026-03-02 Armen Gulian , Serafim Teknowijoyo , Vahan Nikoghosyan

We theoretically study the direct and inverse spin Hall effects in a superconductor-normal metal-superconductor junction induced by a spin-orbit interaction that is invariant under spatial inversion. We show that a supercurrent induces a…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-04-17 Gen Tatara , Yositake Takane , Aurelien Manchon

The superconducting diode effect (SDE), characterized by a nonreciprocal critical current in superconductors, has recently been observed in strongly correlated electron systems and near quantum criticality, pointing to unconventional…

Superconductivity · Physics 2026-05-04 Kyohei Nakamura , Youichi Yanase