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Black-box adversarial attacks on Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) are challenging due to missing gradients and complex multimodal boundaries. While prior state-of-the-art transfer-based approaches like M-Attack perform well using local…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Xiaohan Zhao , Zhaoyi Li , Yaxin Luo , Jiacheng Cui , Zhiqiang Shen

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are well known to be vulnerable to adversarial examples (AEs). In addition, AEs have adversarial transferability, which means AEs generated for a source model can fool another black-box model (target model) with…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-08 Ryota Iijima , Sayaka Shiota , Hitoshi Kiya

Vision transformers have contributed greatly to advancements in the computer vision domain, demonstrating state-of-the-art performance in diverse tasks (e.g., image classification, object detection). However, their high computational…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Oryan Yehezkel , Alon Zolfi , Amit Baras , Yuval Elovici , Asaf Shabtai

Transfer-based attacks pose a significant threat to real-world applications by directly targeting victim models with adversarial examples generated on surrogate models. While numerous approaches have been proposed to enhance adversarial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Bohan Liu , Xiaosen Wang

The use of transformers for vision tasks has challenged the traditional dominant role of convolutional neural networks (CNN) in computer vision (CV). For image classification tasks, Vision Transformer (ViT) effectively establishes spatial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Shihua Sun , Kenechukwu Nwodo , Shridatt Sugrim , Angelos Stavrou , Haining Wang

While transformer-based models dominate NLP and vision applications, their underlying mechanisms to map the input space to the label space semantically are not well understood. In this paper, we study the sources of known representation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Chashi Mahiul Islam , Samuel Jacob Chacko , Mao Nishino , Xiuwen Liu

Vision Transformers (ViTs) achieve state-of-the-art performance on challenging vision tasks, but their deployment on edge devices is severely hindered by the computational complexity and global reduction bottleneck imposed by layer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Kieran Carrigg , Sigur de Vries , Amirhossein Sadough , Marcel van Gerven

Vision transformer (ViT) models, when coupled with interpretation models, are regarded as secure and challenging to deceive, making them well-suited for security-critical domains such as medical applications, autonomous vehicles, drones,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Eldor Abdukhamidov , Mohammed Abuhamad , Simon S. Woo , Hyoungshick Kim , Tamer Abuhmed

Deep neural networks have shown to be very vulnerable to adversarial examples crafted by adding human-imperceptible perturbations to benign inputs. After achieving impressive attack success rates in the white-box setting, more focus is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Xu Han , Anmin Liu , Yifeng Xiong , Yanbo Fan , Kun He

The transferability of adversarial examples poses a significant security challenge for deep neural networks, which can be attacked without knowing anything about them. In this paper, we propose a new Segmented Gaussian Pyramid (SGP) attack…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Zihong Guo , Chen Wan , Yayin Zheng , Hailing Kuang , Xiaohai Lu

Adversarial transferability enables black-box attacks on unknown victim deep neural networks (DNNs), rendering attacks viable in real-world scenarios. Current transferable attacks create adversarial perturbation over the entire image,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Shangbo Wu , Yu-an Tan , Yajie Wang , Ruinan Ma , Wencong Ma , Yuanzhang Li

Vision Transformer (ViT) has demonstrated promising performance in computer vision tasks, comparable to state-of-the-art neural networks. Yet, this new type of deep neural network architecture is vulnerable to adversarial attacks limiting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Shashank Kotyan , Danilo Vasconcellos Vargas

Gradient-based adversarial training is widely used in improving the robustness of neural networks, while it cannot be easily adapted to natural language processing tasks since the embedding space is discrete. In natural language processing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-07 Linyang Li , Xipeng Qiu

Vision Transformers (ViTs) have revolutionized the field of computer vision, yet their deployments on resource-constrained devices remain challenging due to high computational demands. To expedite pre-trained ViTs, token pruning and token…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Xuwei Xu , Sen Wang , Yudong Chen , Yanping Zheng , Zhewei Wei , Jiajun Liu

Recent advances on Vision Transformer (ViT) and its improved variants have shown that self-attention-based networks surpass traditional Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) in most vision tasks. However, existing ViTs focus on the standard…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Xiaofeng Mao , Gege Qi , Yuefeng Chen , Xiaodan Li , Ranjie Duan , Shaokai Ye , Yuan He , Hui Xue

In the transfer-based adversarial attacks, adversarial examples are only generated by the surrogate models and achieve effective perturbation in the victim models. Although considerable efforts have been developed on improving the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-14 Xiangyuan Yang , Jie Lin , Hanlin Zhang , Xinyu Yang , Peng Zhao

Vision transformers (ViTs) have recently set off a new wave in neural architecture design thanks to their record-breaking performance in various vision tasks. In parallel, to fulfill the goal of deploying ViTs into real-world vision…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Yonggan Fu , Shunyao Zhang , Shang Wu , Cheng Wan , Yingyan Celine Lin

Vision transformers rely on a patch token based self attention mechanism, in contrast to convolutional networks. We investigate fundamental differences between these two families of models, by designing a block sparsity based adversarial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-12 Ameya Joshi , Gauri Jagatap , Chinmay Hegde

Adversarial examples are of wide concern due to their impact on the reliability of contemporary machine learning systems. Effective adversarial examples are mostly found via white-box attacks. However, in some cases they can be transferred…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-16 Deyan Petrov , Timothy M. Hospedales

Despite the remarkable success of Vision Transformers (ViTs) across a wide range of vision tasks, recent studies have revealed that they remain vulnerable to adversarial examples, much like Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). A common…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Jiaming Zhang , Meng Ding , Shaopeng Fu , Jingfeng Zhang , Di Wang