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Inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) aims to infer an agent's preferences (represented as a reward function $R$) from their behaviour (represented as a policy $\pi$). To do this, we need a behavioural model of how $\pi$ relates to $R$. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Joar Skalse , Alessandro Abate

In real-world recognition/classification tasks, limited by various objective factors, it is usually difficult to collect training samples to exhaust all classes when training a recognizer or classifier. A more realistic scenario is open set…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-24 Chuanxing Geng , Sheng-jun Huang , Songcan Chen

The reliance on Deep Neural Network (DNN)-based classifiers in safety-critical and real-world applications necessitates Open-Set Recognition (OSR). OSR enables the identification of input data from classes unknown during training as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Nadarasar Bahavan , Sachith Seneviratne , Saman Halgamuge

Temporal Action Localization (TAL) has experienced remarkable success under the supervised learning paradigm. However, existing TAL methods are rooted in the closed set assumption, which cannot handle the inevitable unknown actions in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-11 Wentao Bao , Qi Yu , Yu Kong

Zero-Shot Learning (ZSL) focuses on classifying samples of unseen classes with only their side semantic information presented during training. It cannot handle real-life, open-world scenarios where there are test samples of unknown classes…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-10 Tianqi Li , Guansong Pang , Xiao Bai , Jin Zheng , Lei Zhou , Xin Ning

Different from the traditional supervised learning in which each training example has only one explicit label, superset label learning (SLL) refers to the problem that a training example can be associated with a set of candidate labels, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-08 Chen Gong , Tongliang Liu , Yuanyan Tang , Jian Yang , Jie Yang , Dacheng Tao

Collection of massive well-annotated samples is effective in improving object detection performance but is extremely laborious and costly. Instead of data collection and annotation, the recently proposed Cut-Paste methods [12, 15] show the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-07-12 Hao Wang , Qilong Wang , Fan Yang , Weiqi Zhang , Wangmeng Zuo

Self-supervised learning algorithms (SSL) based on instance discrimination have shown promising results, performing competitively or even outperforming supervised learning counterparts in some downstream tasks. Such approaches employ data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Mohammad Alkhalefi , Georgios Leontidis , Mingjun Zhong

Learning representations for individual instances when only bag-level labels are available is a fundamental challenge in multiple instance learning (MIL). Recent works have shown promising results using contrastive self-supervised learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-13 Kangning Liu , Weicheng Zhu , Yiqiu Shen , Sheng Liu , Narges Razavian , Krzysztof J. Geras , Carlos Fernandez-Granda

Existing synthetic aperture radar automatic target recognition (SAR ATR) methods have been effective for the classification of seen target classes. However, it is more meaningful and challenging to distinguish the unseen target classes,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-22 Chenwei Wang , Siyi Luo , Jifang Pei , Xiaoyu Liu , Yulin Huang , Yin Zhang , Jianyu Yang

In this paper, we address self-supervised representation learning from human skeletons for action recognition. Previous methods, which usually learn feature presentations from a single reconstruction task, may come across the overfitting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-15 Lilang Lin , Sijie Song , Wenhan Yan , Jiaying Liu

Visual object tracking performance has been dramatically improved in recent years, but some severe challenges remain open, like distractors and occlusions. We suspect the reason is that the feature representations of the tracking targets…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-29 Mengmeng Wang , Xiaoqian Yang , Yong Liu

The problem of open-set noisy labels denotes that part of training data have a different label space that does not contain the true class. Lots of approaches, e.g., loss correction and label correction, cannot handle such open-set noisy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-02 Xiaobo Xia , Tongliang Liu , Bo Han , Mingming Gong , Jun Yu , Gang Niu , Masashi Sugiyama

One-shot learning has become an important research topic in the last decade with many real-world applications. The goal of one-shot learning is to classify unlabeled instances when there is only one labeled example per class. Conventional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-25 Zhongfang Zhuang , Xiangnan Kong , Elke Rundensteiner , Aditya Arora , Jihane Zouaoui

Open set recognition problems exist in many domains. For example in security, new malware classes emerge regularly; therefore malware classification systems need to identify instances from unknown classes in addition to discriminating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-02-14 Mehadi Hassen , Philip K. Chan

In open-set semi-supervised learning (OSSL), we consider unlabeled datasets that may contain unknown classes. Existing OSSL methods often use the softmax confidence for classifying data as in-distribution (ID) or out-of-distribution (OOD).…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Erik Wallin , Lennart Svensson , Fredrik Kahl , Lars Hammarstrand

Open Set Recognition (OSR) has been an emerging topic. Besides recognizing predefined classes, the system needs to reject the unknowns. Prototype learning is a potential manner to handle the problem, as its ability to improve intra-class…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-17 Jing Lu , Yunxu Xu , Hao Li , Zhanzhan Cheng , Yi Niu

Many active learning methods belong to the retraining-based approaches, which select one unlabeled instance, add it to the training set with its possible labels, retrain the classification model, and evaluate the criteria that we base our…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-03-01 Yazhou Yang , Marco Loog

Automated driving object detection has always been a challenging task in computer vision due to environmental uncertainties. These uncertainties include significant differences in object sizes and encountering the class unseen. It may…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Zezhou Wang , Guitao Cao , Xidong Xi , Jiangtao Wang

In this paper, we propose an instance similarity learning (ISL) method for unsupervised feature representation. Conventional methods assign close instance pairs in the feature space with high similarity, which usually leads to wrong…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-06 Ziwei Wang , Yunsong Wang , Ziyi Wu , Jiwen Lu , Jie Zhou