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The uptake of machine learning (ML) approaches in the social and health sciences has been rather slow, and research using ML for social and health research questions remains fragmented. This may be due to the separate development of…

Interpretability is a critical factor in applying complex deep learning models to advance the understanding of brain disorders in neuroimaging studies. To interpret the decision process of a trained classifier, existing techniques typically…

In medical imaging, the heterogeneity of multi-centre data impedes the applicability of deep learning-based methods and results in significant performance degradation when applying models in an unseen data domain, e.g. a new centreor a new…

The accuracy and robustness of image classification with supervised deep learning are dependent on the availability of large-scale, annotated training data. However, there is a paucity of annotated data available due to the complexity of…

In the emerging era of big data, larger available clinical datasets and computational advances have sparked a massive interest in machine learning-based approaches. The number of manuscripts related to machine learning or artificial…

This study extensively compares conventional machine learning methods and deep learning for condition monitoring tasks using an AutoML toolbox. The experiments reveal consistent high accuracy in random K-fold cross-validation scenarios…

Background: Image classification can be considered one of the key pillars of medical image analysis. Deep learning (DL) faces challenges that prevent its practical applications despite the remarkable improvement in medical image…

Deep neural networks such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and transformers have achieved many successes in image classification in recent years. It has been consistently demonstrated that best practice for image classification is…

Advanced classification algorithms are being increasingly used in safety-critical applications like health-care, engineering, etc. In such applications, miss-classifications made by ML algorithms can result in substantial financial or…

Background: Breast cancer has the highest prevalence in women globally. The classification and diagnosis of breast cancer and its histopathological images have always been a hot spot of clinical concern. In Computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD),…

Machine Learning (ML) algorithms are vital for supporting clinical decision-making in biomedical informatics. However, their predictive performance can vary across demographic groups, often due to the underrepresentation of historically…

Performative learning addresses the increasingly pervasive situations in which algorithmic decisions may induce changes in the data distribution as a consequence of their public deployment. We propose a novel view in which these…

Current methods for developing foundation models in medical image segmentation rely on two primary assumptions: a fixed set of classes and the immediate availability of a substantial and diverse training dataset. However, this can be…

The development of medical science greatly depends on the increased utilization of machine learning algorithms. By incorporating machine learning, the medical imaging field can significantly improve in terms of the speed and accuracy of the…

Despite achieving excellent performance on benchmarks, deep neural networks often underperform in real-world deployment due to sensitivity to minor, often imperceptible shifts in input data, known as distributional shifts. These shifts are…

Foundation models, often pre-trained with large-scale data, have achieved paramount success in jump-starting various vision and language applications. Recent advances further enable adapting foundation models in downstream tasks efficiently…

In a world where new domains are constantly discovered and machine learning (ML) is applied to automate new tasks every day, challenges arise with the number of samples available to train ML models. While the traditional ML training relies…

With the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence and deep learning, medical image analysis has become a critical tool in modern healthcare, significantly improving diagnostic accuracy and efficiency. However, AI-based methods also…

Deep learning (DL) has shown remarkable success in various medical imaging data analysis applications. However, it remains challenging for DL models to achieve good generalization, especially when the training and testing datasets are…

Medical imaging analysis has witnessed remarkable advancements even surpassing human-level performance in recent years, driven by the rapid development of advanced deep-learning algorithms. However, when the inference dataset slightly…