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This paper studies a dynamic information acquisition model with payoff externalities. Two players can acquire costly information about an unknown state before taking a safe or risky action. Both information and the action taken are private.…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2022-07-08 Guo Bai

We investigate the consequences of allowing players to adopt strategies which take advantage of quantum randomization devices. In games of full information, the resulting equilibria are always correlated equilibria, but not all correlated…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2011-10-24 Gordon B. Dahl , Steven E. Landsburg

Human decision behaviour is quite diverse. In many games humans on average do not achieve maximal payoff and the behaviour of individual players remains inhomogeneous even after playing many rounds. For instance, in repeated prisoner…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-11-11 Martin Spanknebel , Klaus Pawelzik

In a zero-sum stochastic game with signals, at each stage, two adversary players take decisions and receive a stage payoff determined by these decisions and a variable called state. The state follows a Markov chain, that is controlled by…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-12-02 Bruno Ziliotto

In repeated games, cooperation is possible in equilibrium only if players are sufficiently patient, and long-term gains from cooperation outweigh short-term gains from deviation. What happens if the players have incomplete information…

Economics · Quantitative Finance 2019-01-23 Cy Maor , Eilon Solan

We study learning dynamics induced by strategic agents who repeatedly play a game with an unknown payoff-relevant parameter. In this dynamics, a belief estimate of the parameter is repeatedly updated given players' strategies and realized…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-09-06 Manxi Wu , Saurabh Amin , Asuman Ozdaglar

We introduce a class of extensive form games where players might not be able to foresee the possible consequences of their decisions and form a model of their opponents which they exploit to achieve a more profitable outcome. We improve…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-05-31 Paolo Turrini

Equilibrium notions for games with unawareness in the literature cannot be interpreted as steady-states of a learning process because players may discover novel actions during play. In this sense, many games with unawareness are…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2017-07-28 Burkhard C. Schipper

We propose a learning dynamics to model how strategic agents repeatedly play a continuous game while relying on an information platform to learn an unknown payoff-relevant parameter. In each time step, the platform updates a belief estimate…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Manxi Wu , Saurabh Amin , Asuman Ozdaglar

Differential games with asymmetric information were introduced by Cardaliaguet (2007). As in repeated games with lack of information on both sides (Aumann and Maschler (1995)), each player receives a private signal (his type) before the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-03-31 Miquel Oliu-Barton

Games involving quantum strategies often yield higher payoff. Here, we study a practical realization of the three-player dilemma game using the superconductivity-based quantum processors provided by IBM Q Experience. We analyze the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-07 Pranav Kairon , Kishore Thapliyal , R. Srikanth , Anirban Pathak

Human behavioural patterns exhibit selfish or competitive, as well as selfless or altruistic tendencies, both of which have demonstrable effects on human social and economic activity. In behavioural economics, such effects have…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-04-28 Jan E. Snellman , Gerardo Iñiguez , János Kertész , R. A. Barrio , Kimmo K. Kaski

We study games with incomplete information and characterize when a feasible outcome is Pareto efficient. Outcomes with excessive randomization are inefficient: generically, the total number of action profiles across states must be strictly…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-12-09 Itai Arieli , Yakov Babichenko , Atulya Jain , Rann Smorodinsky

We consider the impact of incomplete information on incentives for node cooperation in parallel relay networks with one source node, one destination node, and multiple relay nodes. All nodes are selfish and strategic, interested in…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2011-01-24 Hongda Xiao , Edmund M. Yeh

We examine the tuning of cooperative behavior in repeated multi-agent games using an analytically tractable, continuous-time, nonlinear model of opinion dynamics. Each modeled agent updates its real-valued opinion about each available…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-11-24 Shinkyu Park , Anastasia Bizyaeva , Mari Kawakatsu , Alessio Franci , Naomi Ehrich Leonard

Information asymmetry in games enables players with the information advantage to manipulate others' beliefs by strategically revealing information to other players. This work considers a double-sided information asymmetry in a Bayesian…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Tao Li , Quanyan Zhu

Completeness and transitivity are standard rationality conditions in economics. However, under ambiguity, decision makers sometimes violate these requirements because of the difficulty of forming accurate predictions about ambiguous events.…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-09-16 Kensei Nakamura , Shohei Yanagita

An individual can only experience regret if she learns about an unchosen alternative. In many situations, learning about an unchosen alternative is possible only if someone else chose it. We develop a model where the ex-post information…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2023-07-18 Claudia Cerrone , Francesco Feri , Philip R. Neary

We study a two-player, zero-sum, stochastic game with incomplete information on one side in which the players are allowed to play more and more frequently. The informed player observes the realization of a Markov chain on which the payoffs…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2013-07-15 Pierre Cardaliaguet , Catherine Rainer , Dinah Rosenberg , Nicolas Vieille

We study information design in games where players choose from a continuum of actions and have continuously differentiable payoffs. We show that an information structure is optimal when the equilibrium it induces can also be implemented in…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2026-04-23 Alex Smolin , Takuro Yamashita