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Quantum key distribution is often regarded as an unconditionally secure method to exchange a secret key by harnessing fundamental aspects of quantum mechanics. Despite the robustness of key exchange, classical post-processing reveals…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-01 William Tighe , George Brumpton , Mark Carney , Benjamin T. H. Varcoe

The fabrication of quantum key distribution (QKD) systems typically involves several parties, thus providing Eve with multiple opportunities to meddle with the devices. As a consequence, conventional hardware and/or software hacking attacks…

Integrated quantum photonics requires compact, efficient, and low-power phase modulators. While silicon nitride (SiN) is a promising platform, existing modulators suffer from high power consumption, thermal crosstalk, or high driving…

Distinguishability of photons in non-operational degrees of freedom compromises unconditional security of quantum key distribution since an eavesdropper can improve attack strategies by exploiting this distinguishability. However, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-11 D. Babukhin , D. Kronberg , D. Sych

Integrated quantum optics becomes a consequent tendency towards practical quantum information processing. Here, we report the on-chip generation and manipulation of photonic entanglement based on reconfigurable lithium niobate waveguide…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-04-02 H. Jin , F. M. Liu , P. Xu , J. L. Xia , M. L. Zhong , Y. Yuan , Y. X. Gong , W. Wang , S. N. Zhu

Practical and useful quantum information processing (QIP) requires significant improvements with respect to current systems, both in error rates of basic operations and in scale. Individual trapped-ion qubits' fundamental qualities are…

The recent emergence of thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN) has extended the landscape of integrated photonics. This has been enabled by the commercialization of TFLN wafers and advanced nanofabrication of TFLN such as high-quality dry…

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is an important branch of quantum information science as it holds promise for unconditionally secure communication. For QKD research, a central issue is to improve the final secure key rate (SKR) and the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-23 Hao-Kun Mao , Qiang Zhao , Yu-Cheng Qiao , Bing-Ze Yan , Bing-Jie Xu , Ahmed A. Abd EL-Latif , Qiong Li

Quantum cryptography and quantum key distribution (QKD) have been the most successful applications of quantum information processing, highlighting the unique capability of quantum mechanics, through the no-cloning theorem, to protect the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-06-18 David S. Simon , Nate Lawrence , Jacob Trevino , Luca Dal Negro , Alexander V. Sergienko

In ultralong fiber laser key distribution, two sides use standard optical equipment to create kilometer long fiber lasers in a communication link to establish a secret key. Its security rests on the assumption that any attacker would need…

Applied Physics · Physics 2017-08-18 Juan Carlos Garcia-Escartin , Pedro Chamorro-Posada

In the quantum version of a Trojan-horse attack, photons are injected into the optical modules of a quantum key distribution system in an attempt to read information direct from the encoding devices. To stop the Trojan photons, the use of…

In recent years, there has been a great effort to prove the security of quantum key distribution (QKD) with a minimum number of assumptions. Besides its intrinsic theoretical interest, this would allow for larger tolerance against device…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-03-28 Kiyoshi Tamaki , Marcos Curty , Marco Lucamarini

In device-independent quantum key distribution (DIQKD), the violation of a Bell inequality is exploited to establish a shared key that is secure independently of the internal workings of the QKD devices. An experimental implementation of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-08-19 Nicolas Gisin , Stefano Pironio , Nicolas Sangouard

As an active material with favorable linear and nonlinear optical properties, thin-film lithium niobate has demonstrated its potential in integrated photonics. Integration with rare-earth ions, which are promising candidates for quantum…

We report experiments demonstrating Quantum Interference Control (QuIC) based on two nonlinear optical absorption processes in semiconductors. We use two optical beams of frequencies $\omega$ and $3\omega /2$ incident on AlGaAs and measure…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-08-14 Kai Wang , Rodrigo A. Muniz , J. E. Sipe , S. T. Cundiff

Electro-optical modulation is widely employed for optical signal processing and in laser technology. To date, it is efficiently realized in integrated photonic systems as well as in bulk optics devices. Yet, the achievement of modulators…

The increasing complexity of advanced semiconductor packages, driven by chiplet architectures and 2.5D/3D integration, challenges conventional failure localization methods such as lock-in thermography (LIT) and complicates current Failure…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-09 Bartu Bisgin , Marwa Garsi , Andreas Welscher , Michael Hanke , Fleming Bruckmaier

A Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) protocol describes how two remote parties can establish a secret key by communicating over a quantum and a public classical channel that both can be accessed by an eavesdropper. QKD protocols using…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-01-27 Esmaeil Karimi , Emina Soljanin , Philip Whiting

Lithium niobate (LN), dubbed by many as the silicon of photonics, has recently risen to the forefront of chip-scale nonlinear optics research since its demonstration as an ultralow-loss integrated photonics platform. Due to its significant…

Quantum key distribution (QKD) has often been hailed as a reliable technology for secure communication in cyber-physical microgrids. Even though unauthorized key measurements are not possible in QKD, attempts to read them can disturb…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Suman Rath , Neel Kanth Kundu , Subham Sahoo