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Information access systems such as search engines and generative AI are central to how people seek, evaluate, and interpret information. Yet most systems are designed to optimise retrieval rather than to help users develop better search…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-14 David Elsweiler

A conversational information retrieval (CIR) system is an information retrieval (IR) system with a conversational interface which allows users to interact with the system to seek information via multi-turn conversations of natural language,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-01-17 Jianfeng Gao , Chenyan Xiong , Paul Bennett , Nick Craswell

Many users struggle with effective online search and critical evaluation, especially in high-stakes domains like health, while often overestimating their digital literacy. Thus, in this demo, we present an interactive search companion that…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Markus Bink , Marten Risius , Udo Kruschwitz , David Elsweiler

Along with the rapid development of information technology, the amount of information generated at a given time far exceeds human's ability to organize, search, and manipulate without the help of automatic systems. Now a days so many tools…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2013-05-08 Urmila Shrawankar , Anjali Mahajan

Intelligent systems have traditionally been designed as tools rather than collaborators, often lacking critical characteristics that collaboration partnerships require. Recent advances in large language model (LLM) agents open new…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Bingsheng Yao , Jiaju Chen , Chaoran Chen , April Wang , Toby Jia-jun Li , Dakuo Wang

The use of digital resources has been increasing in every instance of todays society, being it in business or even ludic purposes. Despite such ever increasing use of technologies as interfaces, in all fields, it seems that it lacks the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-10-04 Juliane B. S. dos Santos , Paulo Ricardo Knob , Victor Putrich Scherer , Soraia Raupp Musse

This paper aims to provide a radical rundown on Conversation Search (ConvSearch), an approach to enhance the information retrieval method where users engage in a dialogue for the information-seeking tasks. In this survey, we predominantly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-29 Naga Sai Krishna Adatrao , Gowtham Reddy Gadireddy , Jiho Noh

With the increasing popularity of conversational search, how to evaluate the performance of conversational search systems has become an important question in the IR community. Existing works on conversational search evaluation can mainly be…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-01-25 Zhumin Chu , Qingyao Ai , Zhihong Wang , Yiqun Liu , Yingye Huang , Rui Zhang , Min Zhang , Shaoping Ma

Conversational Swarm Intelligence (CSI) is an AI-facilitated method for enabling real-time conversational deliberations and prioritizations among networked human groups of potentially unlimited size. Based on the biological principle of…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Louis Rosenberg , Hans Schumann , Christopher Dishop , Gregg Willcox , Anita Woolley , Ganesh Mani

Engaging in discussions that involve diverse perspectives and exchanging arguments on a controversial issue is a natural way for humans to form opinions. In this process, the way arguments are presented plays a crucial role in determining…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Annalena Bea Aicher , Yuki Matsuda , Keichii Yasumoto , Wolfgang Minker , Elisabeth André , Stefan Ultes

Search and recommender systems that take the initiative to ask clarifying questions to better understand users' information needs are receiving increasing attention from the research community. However, to the best of our knowledge, there…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-08-04 Jie Zou , Evangelos Kanoulas , Yiqun Liu

With the advent of generative AI and large language models, embodied conversational agents are becoming synonymous with online interactions. These agents possess vast amounts of knowledge but suffer from exhibiting limited emotional…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Abhishek Kulkarni , Alexander Barquero , Pavitra Lahari , Aryaan Shaikh , Sarah Brown

Conversational human-AI interaction (CHAI) have recently driven mainstream adoption of AI. However, CHAI poses two key challenges for designers and researchers: users frequently have ambiguous goals and an incomplete understanding of AI…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-01-31 Arthur Caetano , Kavya Verma , Atieh Taheri , Radha Kumaran , Zichen Chen , Jiaao Chen , Tobias Höllerer , Misha Sra

Multimodal vector search offers a new paradigm for information retrieval by exposing numerous pieces of functionality which are not possible in traditional lexical search engines. While multimodal vector search can be treated as a drop in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Owen Pendrigh Elliott , Tom Hamer , Jesse Clark

Conversational information seeking (CIS) has been recognized as a major emerging research area in information retrieval. Such research will require data and tools, to allow the implementation and study of conversational systems. This paper…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-12-20 Hamed Zamani , Nick Craswell

Conversational agents ("bots") are beginning to be widely used in conversational interfaces. To design a system that is capable of emulating human-like interactions, a conversational layer that can serve as a fabric for chat-like…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-06-23 Abhay Prakash , Chris Brockett , Puneet Agrawal

Conversational agents leveraging AI, particularly deep learning, are emerging in both academic research and real-world applications. However, these applications still face challenges, including disrespecting knowledge and facts, not…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Junfeng Liu , Zhuocheng Mei , Kewen Peng , Ranga Raju Vatsavai

While the body of research directed towards constructing and generating clarifying questions in mixed-initiative conversational search systems is vast, research aimed at processing and comprehending users' answers to such questions is…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Ivan Sekulić , Weronika Łajewska , Krisztian Balog , Fabio Crestani

Simulating nuanced user experiences within complex interactive search systems poses distinct challenge for traditional methodologies, which often rely on static user proxies or, more recently, on standalone large language model (LLM) agents…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Saber Zerhoudi , Michael Granitzer

In conversational search, agents can interact with users by asking clarifying questions to increase their chance to find better results. Many recent works and shared tasks in both NLP and IR communities have focused on identifying the need…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-01-04 Zhenduo Wang , Qingyao Ai