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Quantizing weights and activations of deep neural networks is essential for deploying them in resource-constrained devices, or cloud platforms for at-scale services. While binarization is a special case of quantization, this extreme case…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-02 Phuoc Pham , Jacob Abraham , Jaeyong Chung

This study addresses the deployment challenges of integer-only quantized Transformers on resource-constrained embedded FPGAs (Xilinx Spartan-7 XC7S15). We enhanced the flexibility of our VHDL template by introducing a selectable resource…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Tianheng Ling , Chao Qian , Gregor Schiele

We present a novel sub-8-bit quantization-aware training (S8BQAT) scheme for 8-bit neural network accelerators. Our method is inspired from Lloyd-Max compression theory with practical adaptations for a feasible computational overhead during…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-01 Kai Zhen , Hieu Duy Nguyen , Raviteja Chinta , Nathan Susanj , Athanasios Mouchtaris , Tariq Afzal , Ariya Rastrow

Deep learning-based object pose estimators are often unreliable and overconfident especially when the input image is outside the training domain, for instance, with sim2real transfer. Efficient and robust uncertainty quantification (UQ) in…

Video matting is crucial for applications such as film production and virtual reality, yet deploying its computationally intensive models on resource-constrained devices presents challenges. Quantization is a key technique for model…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Tianrui Zhu , Houyuan Chen , Ruihao Gong , Michele Magno , Haotong Qin , Kai Zhang

Compressing neural networks by quantizing model parameters offers useful trade-off between performance and efficiency. Methods like quantization-aware training and post-training quantization strive to maintain the downstream performance of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Thomas Woergaard , Raghavendra Selvan

Although weight and activation quantization is an effective approach for Deep Neural Network (DNN) compression and has a lot of potentials to increase inference speed leveraging bit-operations, there is still a noticeable gap in terms of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-27 Dongqing Zhang , Jiaolong Yang , Dongqiangzi Ye , Gang Hua

This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of quantization techniques for optimizing Large Language Models (LLMs), specifically focusing on Post-Training Quantization (PTQ) and Quantization-Aware Training (QAT). Through empirical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Jahid Hasan

Model quantization reduces neural network parameter precision to achieve compression, but often compromises accuracy. Existing post-training quantization (PTQ) methods employ iterative parameter updates to preserve accuracy under high…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Zekang Zheng , Haokun Li , Yaofo Chen , Mingkui Tan , Qing Du

Model quantization is challenging due to many tedious hyper-parameters such as precision (bitwidth), dynamic range (minimum and maximum discrete values) and stepsize (interval between discrete values). Unlike prior arts that carefully tune…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-08 Zhang Zhaoyang , Shao Wenqi , Gu Jinwei , Wang Xiaogang , Luo Ping

The deployment of deep neural networks on edge devices is a challenging task due to the increasing complexity of state-of-the-art models, requiring efforts to reduce model size and inference latency. Recent studies explore models operating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Jinhee Kim , Seoyeon Yoon , Taeho Lee , Joo Chan Lee , Kang Eun Jeon , Jong Hwan Ko

Model quantization is a widely used technique to compress and accelerate deep neural network (DNN) inference. Emergent DNN hardware accelerators begin to support mixed precision (1-8 bits) to further improve the computation efficiency,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-14 Kuan Wang , Zhijian Liu , Yujun Lin , Ji Lin , Song Han

Quantization and Knowledge distillation (KD) methods are widely used to reduce memory and power consumption of deep neural networks (DNNs), especially for resource-constrained edge devices. Although their combination is quite promising to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-02 Jangho Kim , Yash Bhalgat , Jinwon Lee , Chirag Patel , Nojun Kwak

When training neural networks with simulated quantization, we observe that quantized weights can, rather unexpectedly, oscillate between two grid-points. The importance of this effect and its impact on quantization-aware training (QAT) are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-30 Markus Nagel , Marios Fournarakis , Yelysei Bondarenko , Tijmen Blankevoort

This work proposes a process for efficiently training a point-wise object detector that enables localizing objects and computing their 6D poses in cluttered and occluded scenes. Accurate pose estimation is typically a requirement for robust…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-02-22 Jean-Philippe Mercier , Chaitanya Mitash , Philippe Giguère , Abdeslam Boularias

Model compression methods are used to reduce the computation and energy requirements for Large Language Models (LLMs). Quantization Aware Training (QAT), an effective model compression method, is proposed to reduce performance degradation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-16 He Li , Jianhang Hong , Yuanzhuo Wu , Snehal Adbol , Zonglin Li

Quantization method plays a crucial role in improving model efficiency and reducing deployment costs, enabling the widespread application of deep learning models on resource-constrained devices. However, the quantization process inevitably…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Jinhao Zhang , Yunquan Zhang , Boyang Zhang , Zeyu Liu , Daning Cheng

Large language models (LLMs) are crucial in modern natural language processing and artificial intelligence. However, they face challenges in managing their significant memory requirements. Although quantization-aware training (QAT) offers a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Mengzhao Chen , Wenqi Shao , Peng Xu , Jiahao Wang , Peng Gao , Kaipeng Zhang , Ping Luo

Quantization is of significance for compressing the over-parameterized deep neural models and deploying them on resource-limited devices. Fixed-precision quantization suffers from performance drop due to the limited numerical representation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Chen Tang , Yuan Meng , Jiacheng Jiang , Shuzhao Xie , Rongwei Lu , Xinzhu Ma , Zhi Wang , Wenwu Zhu

We investigate the compression of deep neural networks by quantizing their weights and activations into multiple binary bases, known as multi-bit networks (MBNs), which accelerate the inference and reduce the storage for the deployment on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-07 Zhongnan Qu , Zimu Zhou , Yun Cheng , Lothar Thiele
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