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We propose several methods for optimizing the number of qubits in a quantum circuit while preserving the number of non-Clifford gates. One of our approaches consists in reversing, as much as possible, the gadgetization of Hadamard gates,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-16 Vivien Vandaele

We present a construction for circuits with low gate count and depth, implementing three- and four-body Pauli-Z product operators as they appear in the form of plaquette-shaped constraints in QAOA when using the parity mapping. The circuits…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-16 Josua Unger , Anette Messinger , Benjamin E. Niehoff , Michael Fellner , Wolfgang Lechner

Traditional quantum circuit optimization is performed directly at the circuit level. Alternatively, a quantum circuit can be translated to a ZX-diagram which can be simplified using the rules of the ZX-calculus, after which a simplified…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-16 Ryan Krueger

The Pauli matrices are 2-by-2 matrices that are very useful in quantum computing. They can be used as elementary gates in quantum circuits but also to decompose any matrix of $\mathbb{C}^{2^n \times 2^n}$ as a linear combination of tensor…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-19 Océane Koska , Marc Baboulin , Arnaud Gazda

The Pauli-based Circuit Optimization, Analysis and Synthesis Toolchain (PCOAST) was recently introduced as a framework for optimizing quantum circuits. It converts a quantum circuit to a Pauli-based graph representation and provides a set…

Variational quantum algorithms, which utilize Parametrized Quantum Circuits (PQCs), are promising tools to achieve quantum advantage for optimization problems on near-term quantum devices. Their PQCs have been conventionally constructed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-23 Hiroshi C. Watanabe , Rudy Raymond , Yu-ya Ohnishi , Eriko Kaminishi , Michihiko Sugawara

Although only two quantum states of a physical system are often used to encode quantum information in the form of qubits, many levels can in principle be used to obtain qudits and increase the information capacity of the system. To take…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-25 Aryan Iliat , Mark Byrd , Sahel Ashhab , LianAo Wu

Optimal implementation of quantum gates is crucial for designing a quantum computer. We consider the matrix representation of an arbitrary multiqubit gate. By ordering the basis vectors using the Gray code, we construct the quantum circuit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Juha J. Vartiainen , Mikko Mottonen , Martti M. Salomaa

Multi-controlled gates are fundamental components in the design of quantum algorithms, where efficient decompositions of these operators can enhance algorithm performance. The best asymptotic decomposition of an n-controlled X gate with one…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-09 Thiago Melo D. Azevedo , Jefferson D. S. Silva , Adenilton J. da Silva

Quantum computers promise to outperform their classical counterparts at certain tasks. However, existing quantum devices are error-prone and restricted in size. Thus, effective compilation methods are crucial to exploit limited quantum…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-07-17 Moritz Stargalla , Friedrich Wagner

We introduce an approach for estimating the expectation values of arbitrary $n$-qubit matrices $M \in \mathbb{C}^{2^n\times 2^n}$ on a quantum computer. In contrast to conventional methods like the Pauli decomposition that utilize $4^n$…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-07 Dingjie Lu , Yangfan Li , Dax Enshan Koh , Zhao Wang , Jun Liu , Zhuangjian Liu

We conduct a systematic study of quantum circuits composed of multiple-control $Z$-rotation (MCZR) gates as primitives, since they are widely-used components in quantum algorithms and also have attracted much experimental interest in recent…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-11 Shihao Zhang , Junda Wu , Lvzhou Li

In fault-tolerant quantum computation and quantum error-correction one is interested on Pauli matrices that commute with a circuit/unitary. We provide a fast algorithm that decomposes any Clifford gate as a $\textit{minimal}$ product of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-12 Tefjol Pllaha , Kalle Volanto , Olav Tirkkonen

Unitary decomposition is a widely used method to map quantum algorithms to an arbitrary set of quantum gates. Efficient implementation of this decomposition allows for translation of bigger unitary gates into elementary quantum operations,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-14 A. M. Krol , A. Sarkar , I. Ashraf , Z. Al-Ars , K. Bertels

A variety of quantum algorithms employ Pauli operators as a convenient basis for studying the spectrum or evolution of Hamiltonians or measuring multi-body observables. One strategy to reduce circuit depth in such algorithms involves…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-21 Edison M. Murairi , Michael J. Cervia

This paper introduces an algorithm designed to approximate quantum transformation matrix with a restricted number of gates by using the block decomposition technique. Addressing challenges posed by numerous gates in handling large qubit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-16 Lai Kin Man , Xin Wang

Quantum circuit depth minimization is critical for practical applications of circuit-based quantum computation. In this work, we present a systematic procedure to decompose multiqubit controlled unitary gates, which is essential in many…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-06 Adenilton J. da Silva , Daniel K. Park

This paper proposes a new optimized quantum block-ZXZ decomposition method [7,8,10] that results in more optimal quantum circuits than the quantum Shannon decomposition (QSD)[27], which was introduced in 2006 by Shende et al. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-04 Anna M. Krol , Zaid Al-Ars

We present an algorithm for computing depth-optimal decompositions of logical operations, leveraging a meet-in-the-middle technique to provide a significant speed-up over simple brute force algorithms. As an illustration of our method we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-11-28 Matthew Amy , Dmitri Maslov , Michele Mosca , Martin Roetteler

In variational quantum algorithms, parameterization is typically applied to single-qubit gates.In this study, we instead parameterize a generalized controlled gate and propose an algorithm to locally minimize the cost function by maximally…