Related papers: The human factor: results of a small-angle scatter…
Observation of other people's choices can provide useful information in many circumstances. However, individuals may not utilize this information efficiently, i.e., they may make decision-making errors in social interactions. In this paper,…
Intrinsically Disordered Proteins (IDPs) perform a broad range of biological functions. Their relevance has motivated intense research activity seeking to characterize their sequence/structure/function relationships. However, the…
Digital networks, mobile devices, and the possibility of mining the ever-increasing amount of digital traces that we leave behind in our daily activities are changing the way we can approach the study of human and social interactions.…
When people pursue rewards in stochastic environments, they often match their choice frequencies to the observed target frequencies, even when this policy is demonstrably sub-optimal. We used a ``hide and seek'' task to evaluate this…
Structure factors describe how incident radiation is scattered from materials such as silicon and germanium and characterize the physical interaction between the material and scattered particles. We use neutron pendell\"{o}sung…
In this work, the possibility of clustering correlated random variables was examined, both because of their mutual similarity and because of their similarity to the principal components. The k-means algorithm and spectral algorithms were…
Principal component analysis is a long-standing go-to method for exploring multivariate data. The principal components are linear combinations of the original variables, ordered by descending variance. The first few components typically…
Context: Research on human aspects within the field of software engineering (SE) has been steadily gaining prominence in recent years. These human aspects have a significant impact on SE due to the inherently interactive and collaborative…
When averages of different experimental determinations of the same quantity are computed, each with statistical and systematic error components, then frequently the statistical and systematic components of the combined error are quoted…
To humans, a robin seems more like a bird than a bird seems like a robin, but does this asymmetry also hold for machine vision? Humans and modern vision models can match each other in accuracy while making systematically different kinds of…
The interaction between individuals in biological populations, dilute components of chemical systems, or particles transported by turbulent flows depends critically on their contact statistics. This work clarifies those statistics under the…
Sample surveys are widely used to obtain information about totals, means, medians, and other parameters of finite populations. In many applications, similar information is desired for subpopulations such as individuals in specific…
While five-factor models of personality are widespread, there is still not universal agreement on this as a structural framework. Part of the reason for the lingering debate is its dependence on factor analysis. In particular, derivation or…
Typically, trials investigate the impact of either an individual-level intervention on participant outcomes, or the impact of a cluster-level intervention on participant outcomes. Factorial designs consider two (or more) treatments for each…
Modern, state-of-the-art deep learning approaches yield human like performance in numerous object detection and classification tasks. The foundation for their success is the availability of training datasets of substantially high quantity,…
A simple abstract model is developed as a parallel experimental basis for the aim of exploring the differences of journal impact factors, particularly between different disciplines. Our model endeavors to simulate the publication and…
The so-called diluted-random-cluster model may be viewed as a random-cluster representation of the Blume--Capel model. It has three parameters, a vertex parameter $a$, an edge parameter $p$, and a cluster weighting factor $q$. Stochastic…
The presence of a scattering medium in the imaging path between an object and an observer is known to severely limit the visual acuity of the imaging system. We present an approach to circumvent the deleterious effects of scattering, by…
Studies have shown that exposure to air pollution, even at low levels, significantly increases mortality. As regulatory actions are becoming prohibitively expensive, robust evidence to guide the development of targeted interventions to…
The fundamental problem of causal inference -- that we never observe counterfactuals -- prevents us from identifying how many might be negatively affected by a proposed intervention. If, in an A/B test, half of users click (or buy, or…