Related papers: Overstatement-Net-Equivalent Risk-Limiting Audit: …
Ranked Choice Voting (RCV) adoption is expanding across U.S. elections, but faces persistent criticism for complexity, strategic manipulation, and ballot exhaustion. We empirically test these concerns on real election data, across three…
We propose a simple common framework for Risk-Limiting and Bayesian (polling) audits for two-candidate plurality elections. Using it, we derive an expression for the general Bayesian audit; in particular, we do not restrict the prior to a…
We study the finite mutually exclusive outcome version of risk-constrained Kelly optimization with explicit state prices. The market has outcome probabilities $p_i>0$, state prices $q_i>0$, terminal wealths $W_i=c+x_i/q_i$, and a…
While test-time scaling has enabled large language models to solve highly difficult tasks, state-of-the-art results come at exorbitant compute costs. These inefficiencies can be attributed to the miscalibration of post-trained language…
Numerous algorithms have been developed for Conditional Average Treatment Effect (CATE) estimation. In this paper, we first highlight a common issue where many algorithms exhibit inconsistent learning behavior for the same instance across…
Control-Flow Attestation (CFA) is a security service that allows an entity (verifier) to verify the integrity of code execution on a remote computer system (prover). Existing CFA schemes suffer from impractical assumptions, such as…
Indian Electronic Voting Machines (EVMs) will be fitted with printers that produce Voter-Verifiable Paper Audit Trails (VVPATs) in time for the 2019 general election. VVPATs provide evidence that each vote was recorded as the voter…
We transform the randomness of LLMs into precise assurances using an actuator at the API interface that applies a user-defined risk constraint in finite samples via Conformal Risk Control (CRC). This label-free and model-agnostic actuator…
LLM coding benchmarks face a credibility crisis: widespread solution leakage and test quality issues undermine SWE-bench Verified, while existing detection methods--paraphrase consistency, n-gram overlap, perplexity analysis--never directly…
Detecting fraudulent credit card transactions remains a significant challenge, due to the extreme class imbalance in real-world data and the often subtle patterns that separate fraud from legitimate activity. Existing research commonly…
This paper presents DiffSum, a simple post-election risk-limiting ballot-polling audit for two-candidate plurality elections. DiffSum sequentially draws ballots (without replacement) until the numbers $a$, $b$, of votes for candidates $A$,…
Large language models struggle to catch errors in their own outputs when the review happens in the same session that produced them. This paper introduces Cross-Context Review (CCR), a straightforward method where the review is conducted in…
This paper considers online convex optimization with long term constraints, where constraints can be violated in intermediate rounds, but need to be satisfied in the long run. The cumulative constraint violation is used as the metric to…
Efficient access to high-quality information is vital for online platforms. To promote more useful information, users not only create new content but also evaluate existing content, often through helpfulness voting. Although aggregated…
We present ORCA (Omni Research on Calculation in AI) Benchmark - a novel benchmark that evaluates large language models (LLMs) on multi-domain, real-life quantitative reasoning using verified outputs from Omni's calculator engine. In 500…
We introduce weighted one-deterministic-counter automata (ODCA). These are weighted one-counter automata (OCA) with the property of counter-determinacy, meaning that all paths labelled by a given word starting from the initial configuration…
The problem of finding the optimal portfolio for investors is called the portfolio optimization problem. Such problem mainly concerns the expectation and variability of return (i.e., mean and variance). Although the variance would be the…
For more than a century, election officials across the United States have inspected voting machines before elections using a procedure called Logic and Accuracy Testing (LAT). This procedure consists of election officials casting a test…
Accurately representing the complex linkages and inherent uncertainties included in huge datasets is still a major difficulty in the field of data clustering. We address these issues with our proposed Unified Neutrosophic Clustering…
Standard risk models reduce the rich dependence structure of financial markets to scalar volatility estimates, discarding the topological information encoded in cross-asset correlation networks. We present ORCA (Online Regime Correlation…