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This paper presents an algorithmic framework for learning robust policies in asymmetric imperfect-information games, where the joint reward could depend on the uncertain opponent type (a private information known only to the opponent itself…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-03-05 Macheng Shen , Jonathan P. How

Using a model of the environment, reinforcement learning agents can plan their future moves and achieve superhuman performance in board games like Chess, Shogi, and Go, while remaining relatively sample-efficient. As demonstrated by the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Julien Scholz , Cornelius Weber , Muhammad Burhan Hafez , Stefan Wermter

Conventional reinforcement learning (RL) allows an agent to learn policies via environmental rewards only, with a long and slow learning curve, especially at the beginning stage. On the contrary, human learning is usually much faster…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-12-25 Daoming Lyu , Fangkai Yang , Bo Liu , Steven Gustafson

In Multi-Goal Reinforcement Learning, an agent learns to achieve multiple goals with a goal-conditioned policy. During learning, the agent first collects the trajectories into a replay buffer, and later these trajectories are selected…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-26 Rui Zhao , Xudong Sun , Volker Tresp

This paper introduces a novel framework for modeling interacting humans in a multi-stage game. This "iterated semi network-form game" framework has the following desirable characteristics: (1) Bounded rational players, (2) strategic players…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2012-07-05 Ritchie Lee , David H. Wolpert , James Bono , Scott Backhaus , Russell Bent , Brendan Tracey

We study multi-task reinforcement learning (RL) in tabular episodic Markov decision processes (MDPs). We formulate a heterogeneous multi-player RL problem, in which a group of players concurrently face similar but not necessarily identical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Chicheng Zhang , Zhi Wang

Agentic Reinforcement Learning (Agentic RL) has achieved notable success in enabling agents to perform complex reasoning and tool use. However, most methods still relies on sparse outcome-based reward for training. Such feedback fails to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Kaixuan Fan , Kaituo Feng , Manyuan Zhang , Tianshuo Peng , Zhixun Li , Yilei Jiang , Shuang Chen , Peng Pei , Xunliang Cai , Xiangyu Yue

Reinforcement learning agents are prone to undesired behaviors due to reward mis-specification. Finding a set of reward functions to properly guide agent behaviors is particularly challenging in multi-agent scenarios. Inverse reinforcement…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-01 Lantao Yu , Jiaming Song , Stefano Ermon

Advances in reinforcement learning (RL) have resulted in recent breakthroughs in the application of artificial intelligence (AI) across many different domains. An emerging landscape of development environments is making powerful RL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-11 Edward W. Staley , Corban G. Rivera , Ashley J. Llorens

A multiagent sequential decision problem has been seen in many critical applications including urban transportation, autonomous driving cars, military operations, etc. Its widely known solution, namely multiagent reinforcement learning, has…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Yanyu Liu , Yinghui Pan , Yifeng Zeng , Biyang Ma , Doshi Prashant

Motivated by the question of how a principal can maximize its utility in repeated interactions with a learning agent, we study repeated games between an principal and an agent employing a mean-based learning algorithm. Prior work has shown…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Nivasini Ananthakrishnan , Yuval Dagan , Kunhe Yang

Solving hard-exploration environments in an important challenge in Reinforcement Learning. Several approaches have been proposed and studied, such as Intrinsic Motivation, co-evolution of agents and tasks, and multi-agent competition. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-20 Andrea Fanti

We propose a new framework for imitation learning -- treating imitation as a two-player ranking-based game between a policy and a reward. In this game, the reward agent learns to satisfy pairwise performance rankings between behaviors,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Harshit Sikchi , Akanksha Saran , Wonjoon Goo , Scott Niekum

Progress in machine learning is measured by careful evaluation on problems of outstanding common interest. However, the proliferation of benchmark suites and environments, adversarial attacks, and other complications has diluted the basic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-01 David Balduzzi , Karl Tuyls , Julien Perolat , Thore Graepel

Despite the recent advancement in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL), the MARL agents easily overfit the training environment and perform poorly in the evaluation scenarios where other agents behave differently. Obtaining…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2022-10-19 Wei Qiu , Xiao Ma , Bo An , Svetlana Obraztsova , Shuicheng Yan , Zhongwen Xu

In many predictive decision-making scenarios, such as credit scoring and academic testing, a decision-maker must construct a model that accounts for agents' propensity to "game" the decision rule by changing their features so as to receive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-26 Yonadav Shavit , Benjamin Edelman , Brian Axelrod

Reinforcement learning is commonly concerned with problems of maximizing accumulated rewards in Markov decision processes. Oftentimes, a certain goal state or a subset of the state space attain maximal reward. In such a case, the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-23 Pavel Osinenko , Grigory Yaremenko , Georgiy Malaniya , Anton Bolychev , Alexander Gepperth

In this paper, we present a framework for multi-agent learning in a nonstationary dynamic network environment. More specifically, we examine projected gradient play in smooth monotone repeated network games in which the agents'…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Feras Al Taha , Kiran Rokade , Francesca Parise

Reinforcement learning is applied to solve actual complex tasks from high-dimensional, sensory inputs. The last decade has developed a long list of reinforcement learning algorithms. Recent progress benefits from deep learning for raw…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-03-08 Yanfei Xiang , Xin Wang , Shu Hu , Bin Zhu , Xiaomeng Huang , Xi Wu , Siwei Lyu

Transfer learning is an important new subfield of multiagent reinforcement learning that aims to help an agent learn about a problem by using knowledge that it has gained solving another problem, or by using knowledge that is communicated…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-02-10 Cameron Reid