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Quantum computations are expressed in general as quantum circuits, which are specified by ordered lists of quantum gates. The resulting specifications are used during the optimisation and execution of the expressed computations. However,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-08-08 Alexandru Paler , Simon J. Devitt

In order to guarantee the output of a quantum computation, we usually assume that the component devices are trusted. However, when the total computation process is large, it is not easy to guarantee the whole system when we have scaling…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-05-16 Masahito Hayashi , Michal Hajdusek

Unlike most classical algorithms that take an input and give the solution directly as an output, quantum algorithms produce a quantum circuit that works as an indirect solution to computationally hard problems. In the full quantum computing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-22 Yikai Mao , Shaswot Shresthamali , Masaaki Kondo

Due to the significant progress made in the implementation of quantum hardware, efficient methods and tools to design corresponding algorithms become increasingly important. Many of these tools rely on functional representations of certain…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-11 Lukas Burgholzer , Rudy Raymond , Indranil Sengupta , Robert Wille

While recent progress in quantum hardware open the door for significant speedup in certain key areas, quantum algorithms are still hard to implement right, and the validation of such quantum programs is a challenge. Early attempts either…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2022-02-04 Christophe Chareton , Sébastien Bardin , François Bobot , Valentin Perrelle , Benoit Valiron

In recent decades, quantum technologies have made significant strides toward achieving quantum utility. However, practical applications are hindered by challenges related to scaling the number of qubits and the depth of circuits. In this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-01 Pingal Pratyush Nath , Aninda Sinha , Urbasi Sinha

Because of the probabilistic/nondeterministic behavior of quantum programs, it is highly advisable to verify them formally to ensure that they correctly implement their specifications. Formal verification, however, also traditionally…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-09 Liyi Li , Mingwei Zhu , Rance Cleaveland , Alexander Nicolellis , Yi Lee , Le Chang , Xiaodi Wu

Quantum processes, such as quantum circuits, quantum memories, and quantum channels, are essential ingredients in almost all quantum information processing tasks. However, the characterization of these processes remains a daunting task due…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-04-16 Ye-Chao Liu , Jiangwei Shang , Xiao-Dong Yu , Xiangdong Zhang

As we continue to find applications where the currently available noisy devices exhibit an advantage over their classical counterparts, the efficient use of quantum resources is highly desirable. The notion of quantum autoencoders was…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-08 Abhinav Anand , Jakob S. Kottmann , Alán Aspuru-Guzik

The construction of large, coherent quantum systems necessary for quantum computation remains an entreating but elusive goal, due to the ubiquitous nature of decoherence. Recent progress in quantum error correction schemes have given new…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-02-03 Isaac L. Chuang , Yoshihisa Yamamoto

We propose a quantum-classical hybrid algorithm to encode a given arbitrarily quantum state $\vert \Psi \rangle$ onto an optimal quantum circuit $\hat{\mathcal{C}}$ with a finite number of single- and two-qubit quantum gates. The proposed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-16 Tomonori Shirakawa , Hiroshi Ueda , Seiji Yunoki

Existing quantum compilers optimize quantum circuits by applying circuit transformations designed by experts. This approach requires significant manual effort to design and implement circuit transformations for different quantum devices,…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2022-05-03 Mingkuan Xu , Zikun Li , Oded Padon , Sina Lin , Jessica Pointing , Auguste Hirth , Henry Ma , Jens Palsberg , Alex Aiken , Umut A. Acar , Zhihao Jia

Quantum computing promises exponential speed-ups for important simulation and optimization problems. It also poses new CAD problems that are similar to, but more challenging, than the related problems in classical (non-quantum) CAD, such as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-11-04 George F. Viamontes , Igor L. Markov , John P. Hayes

With the accelerating development of quantum technologies and their growing computational potential, quantum systems are being adapted for simulations and other critical tasks across diverse domains, making the reliability of the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Maryse Ernzer , Seung Yeob Shin , Fabrizio Pastore , Domenico Bianculli

Quantum computing technology may soon deliver revolutionary improvements in algorithmic performance, but these are only useful if computed answers are correct. While hardware-level decoherence errors have garnered significant attention, a…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2022-04-15 Yuxiang Peng , Kesha Hietala , Runzhou Tao , Liyi Li , Robert Rand , Michael Hicks , Xiaodi Wu

Faults are stochastic by nature while most man-made systems, and especially computers, work deterministically. This necessitates the linking of probability theory with mathematical logics, automata, and switching circuit theory. This paper…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-09-13 Alexander Feldman , Johan de Kleer , Ion Matei

Due to the fragility of quantum mechanical effects, real quantum computers are plagued by frequent noise effects that cause errors during computations. Quantum error-correcting codes address this problem by providing means to identify and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-18 Thomas Grurl , Christoph Pichler , Jürgen Fuß , Robert Wille

Quantum computers are on the brink of surpassing the capabilities of even the most powerful classical computers. This naturally raises the question of how one can trust the results of a quantum computer when they cannot be compared to…

Quantum algorithms use the principles of quantum mechanics, as for example quantum superposition, in order to solve particular problems outperforming standard computation. They are developed for cryptography, searching, optimisation,…

We provide a new quantum algorithm that efficiently determines the quality of a least-squares fit over an exponentially large data set by building upon an algorithm for solving systems of linear equations efficiently (Harrow et al., Phys.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-01-10 Nathan Wiebe , Daniel Braun , Seth Lloyd