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Electron microscopy (EM) images exhibit anisotropic axial resolution due to the characteristics inherent to the imaging modality, presenting challenges in analysis and downstream tasks.In this paper, we propose a diffusion-model-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-04 Kyungryun Lee , Won-Ki Jeong

For the past decade, convolutional networks have been used for 3D reconstruction of neurons from electron microscopic (EM) brain images. Recent years have seen great improvements in accuracy, as evidenced by submissions to the SNEMI3D…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-06-02 Kisuk Lee , Jonathan Zung , Peter Li , Viren Jain , H. Sebastian Seung

The fusion of rigorous physical laws with flexible data-driven learning represents a new frontier in scientific simulation, yet bridging the gap between physical interpretability and computational efficiency remains a grand challenge. In…

Analyzing and reconstructing visual stimuli from brain signals effectively advances the understanding of human visual system. However, the EEG signals are complex and contain significant noise. This leads to substantial limitations in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Honghao Fu , Zhiqi Shen , Jing Jih Chin , Hao Wang

Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) is indispensable in modern materials science, enabling high-resolution imaging across a wide range of structural, chemical, and functional investigations. However, SEM imaging remains constrained by…

Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) is pivotal in revealing intricate micro- and nanoscale features across various research fields. However, obtaining high-resolution SEM images presents challenges, including prolonged scanning durations and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-08 Tom Reclik , Setareh Medghalchi , Philipp Schumacher , Maximilian Wollenweber , Talal Al-Samman , Sandra Korte-Kerzel , Ulrich Kerzel

Recent successes in deep learning have started to impact neuroscience. Of particular significance are claims that current segmentation algorithms achieve "super-human" accuracy in an area known as connectomics. However, as we will show,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-01-20 Drew Linsley , Junkyung Kim , David Berson , Thomas Serre

Serial section electron microscopy (ssEM) is a widely used technique for obtaining volumetric information of biological tissues at nanometer scale. However, accurate 3D reconstructions of identified cellular structures and volumetric…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-02-06 Thanuja D. Ambegoda , Julien N. P. Martel , Jozef Adamcik , Matthew Cook , Richard H. R. Hahnloser

Reconstructing multiple molecularly defined neurons from individual brains and across multiple brain regions can reveal organizational principles of the nervous system. However, high resolution imaging of the whole brain is a technically…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-03-19 James Gornet , Kannan Umadevi Venkataraju , Arun Narasimhan , Nicholas Turner , Kisuk Lee , H. Sebastian Seung , Pavel Osten , Uygar Sümbül

Semantic segmentation of electron microscopy (EM) is an essential step to efficiently obtain reliable morphological statistics. Despite the great success achieved using deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs), they still produce coarse…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-11 Zhimin Yuan , Xiaofen Ma , Jiajin Yi , Zhengrong Luo , Jialin Peng

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) plays a crucial role in brain disease diagnosis, but it is not always feasible for certain patients due to physical or clinical constraints. Recent studies attempt to synthesize MRI from Computed Tomography…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Junming Liu , Yifei Sun , Weihua Cheng , Yujin Kang , Yirong Chen , Ding Wang , Guosun Zeng

Determining the three-dimensional structure of proteins and protein complexes at atomic resolution is a fundamental task in structural biology. Over the last decade, remarkable progress has been made using "single particle" cryo-electron…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2017-06-05 Alex Barnett , Leslie Greengard , Andras Pataki , Marina Spivak

Decoding visual information from electroencephalography (EEG) has recently achieved promising results, primarily focusing on reconstructing two-dimensional (2D) images from brain activity. However, the reconstruction of three-dimensional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Emanuele Balloni , Emanuele Frontoni , Chiara Matti , Marina Paolanti , Roberto Pierdicca , Emiliano Santarnecchi

Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) allows for the high-resolution reconstruction of 3D structures of proteins and other biomolecules. Successful reconstruction of both shape and movement greatly helps understand the fundamental processes of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Xinhang Liu , Yan Zeng , Yifan Qin , Hao Li , Jiakai Zhang , Lan Xu , Jingyi Yu

Methods for resolving the 3D microstructure of the brain typically start by thinly slicing and staining the brain, and then imaging each individual section with visible light photons or electrons. In contrast, X-rays can be used to image…

Conventional 2-D scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is commonly used to rapidly and qualitatively evaluate membrane pore structure. Quantitative 2-D analyses of pore sizes can be extracted from SEM, but without information about 3-D spatial…

The throughput of electron microscopes has increased significantly in recent years, enabling detailed analysis of cell morphology and ultrastructure. Analysis of neural circuits at single-synapse resolution remains the flagship target of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-07 Constantin Pape , Alex Matskevych , Adrian Wolny , Julian Hennies , Giula Mizzon , Marion Louveaux , Jacob Musser , Alexis Maizel , Detlev Arendt , Anna Kreshuk

Accurate segmentation of neural structures in Electron Microscopy (EM) images is paramount for neuroscience. However, this task is challenged by intricate morphologies, low signal-to-noise ratios, and scarce annotations, limiting the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Zhenghua Li , Hang Chen , Zihao Sun , Kai Li , Xiaolin Hu

Accurately estimating the wiring diagram of a brain, known as a connectome, at an ultrastructure level is an open research problem. Specifically, precisely tracking neural processes is difficult, especially across many image slices. Here,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2014-05-09 Ayushi Sinha , William Gray Roncal , Narayanan Kasthuri , Jeff W. Lichtman , Randal Burns , Michael Kazhdan

Seeing is believing, however, the underlying mechanism of how human visual perceptions are intertwined with our cognitions is still a mystery. Thanks to the recent advances in both neuroscience and artificial intelligence, we have been able…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-17 Yu-Ting Lan , Kan Ren , Yansen Wang , Wei-Long Zheng , Dongsheng Li , Bao-Liang Lu , Lili Qiu