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A path $P$ in an edge-colored graph $G$ is a \emph{proper path} if no two adjacent edges of $P$ are colored with the same color. The graph $G$ is \emph{proper connected} if, between every pair of vertices, there exists a proper path in $G$.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-11-30 Hong Chang , Zhong Huang , Xueliang Li

Given a graph $G$, we would like to find (if it exists) the largest induced subgraph $H$ in which there are at least $k$ vertices realizing the maximum degree of $H$. This problem was first posed by Caro and Yuster. They proved, for…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-04-28 Yair Caro , Josef Lauri , Christina Zarb

This paper studies sufficient conditions to obtain efficient distributed algorithms coloring graphs optimally (i.e.\ with the minimum number of colors) in the LOCAL model of computation. Most of the work on distributed vertex coloring so…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-01-25 Étienne Bamas , Louis Esperet

An immersion of a graph H in another graph G is a one-to-one mapping phi:V(H)->V(G) and a collection of edge-disjoint paths in G, one for each edge of H, such that the path P_{uv} corresponding to the edge uv has endpoints phi(u) and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-12-03 Zdeněk Dvořák , Liana Yepremyan

Balogh, Csaba, Jing and Pluh\'ar recently determined the minimum degree threshold that ensures a $2$-coloured graph $G$ contains a Hamilton cycle of significant colour bias (i.e., a Hamilton cycle that contains significantly more than half…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-03-05 Andrea Freschi , Joseph Hyde , Joanna Lada , Andrew Treglown

A graph is said to be $K_{1,r}$-free if it does not contain an induced subgraph isomorphic to $K_{1,r}$. An $\mathcal{F}$-factor is a spanning subgraph $H$ such that each connected component of $H$ is isomorphic to some graph in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-12-14 Guowei Dai , Zan-Bo Zhang , Xiaoyan Zhang

A graph $ G $ is minimally $ t $-tough if the toughness of $ G $ is $ t $ and deletion of any edge from $ G $ decreases its toughness. Katona et al. conjectured that the minimum degree of any minimally $ t $-tough graph is $ \lceil 2t\rceil…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-07-27 Xiaomin Hu , Hui Ma , Weihua Yang

A fractional matching of a graph $G$ is a function $h: E(G) \to [0,1]$ such that $\sum_{e \in E_G(v)} h(e) \leq 1$ for every vertex $v \in V(G)$, where $E_G(v)$ is the set of edges incident to $v$. If $\sum_{e \in E_G(v)} h(e) = 1$ for all…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-05 Xiyan Bai , Tao Wang , Mengke Yang , Xiaojing Yang

Given an $n$-vertex pseudorandom graph $G$ and an $n$-vertex graph $H$ with maximum degree at most two, we wish to find a copy of $H$ in $G$, i.e.\ an embedding $\varphi\colon V(H)\to V(G)$ so that $\varphi(u)\varphi(v)\in E(G)$ for all…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-04-06 Jie Han , Yoshiharu Kohayakawa , Patrick Morris , Yury Person

We determine the minimum degree sum of two adjacent vertices that ensures a perfect matching in a 3-graph without isolated vertex. More precisely, suppose that $H$ is a 3-uniform hypergraph whose order $n$ is sufficiently large and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-10-16 Yi Zhang , Yi Zhao , Mei Lu

Let $G$ be a connected graph of order $n$. A $\{P_{2},C_{3},P_{5},\mathcal{T}(3)\}$-factor of $G$ is a spanning subgraph of $G$ such that each component is isomorphic to a member in $\{P_{2},C_{3},P_{5},\mathcal{T}(3)\}$, where…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-12-23 Xianglong Zhang , Lihua You

Given a (di)graph $H$, we say that a (di)graph $H^\prime$ is an $H$-subdivision if $H^\prime$ is obtained from $H$ by replacing one or more edges with internally vertex-disjoint path(s). Pavez-Sign\'{e} conjectured that for every…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-02 Yangyang Cheng , Zhilan Wang , Jin Yan

A simple graph $G$ is \emph{overfull} if $|E(G)|>\Delta\lfloor|V(G)|/2\rfloor$. By the pigeonhole principle, every overfull graph $G$ has $\chi'(G)>\Delta$. The \emph{core} of a graph, denoted $G_\Delta$, is the subgraph induced by its…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-11-18 Daniel W. Cranston , Landon Rabern

A 2-hued coloring of a graph $G$ (also known as conditional $(k, 2)$-coloring and dynamic coloring) is a coloring such that for every vertex $v\in V(G)$ of degree at least $2$, the neighbors of $v$ receive at least $2$ colors. The smallest…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-02-06 Arash Ahadi , Ali Dehghan

The distinguishing number $D(G)$ of a graph $G$ is the least integer $d$ such that $G$ has a vertex labeling with $d$ labels that is preserved only by a trivial automorphism. The distinguishing chromatic number $\chi_{D}(G)$ of $G$ is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-09-29 Saeid Alikhani , Samaneh Soltani

A strong edge-coloring of a graph $G$ is an edge-coloring in which every color class is an induced matching, and the strong chromatic index $\chi_s'(G)$ is the minimum number of colors needed in strong edge-colorings of $G$. A graph is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-01-31 Gexin Yu , Rachel Yu

A graph $G$ contains another graph $H$ as an immersion if $H$ can be obtained from a subgraph of $G$ by splitting off edges and removing isolated vertices. There is an obvious necessary degree condition for the immersion containment: if $G$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-09-27 Chun-Hung Liu

Given positive integers k\geq 3 and r where k/2 \leq r \leq k-1, we give a minimum r-degree condition that ensures a perfect matching in a k-uniform hypergraph. This condition is best possible and improves on work of Pikhurko who gave an…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-10-30 Andrew Treglown , Yi Zhao

Let $H$ and $G$ be graphs on $n$ vertices, where $n$ is sufficiently large. We prove that if $H$ has Ore-degree at most 5 and $G$ has minimum degree at least $2n/3$ then $H\subset G.$

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-01-01 Béla Csaba , Judit Nagy-György

We proved that for every sufficiently large $n$, the complete graph $K_{2n}$ with an arbitrary edge signing $\sigma: E(K_{2n}) \to \{-1, +1\}$ admits a high discrepancy $1$-factor decomposition. That is, there exists a universal constant $c…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-03-24 Jiangdong Ai , Fankang He , Seonghyuk Im , Hyunwoo Lee