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Large Language Models (LLMs) are advancing at a remarkable pace, with myriad applications under development. Unlike most earlier machine learning models, they are no longer built for one specific application but are designed to excel in a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Valentin Hartmann , Anshuman Suri , Vincent Bindschaedler , David Evans , Shruti Tople , Robert West

While recent research increasingly showcases the remarkable capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs), it is equally crucial to examine their associated risks. Among these, privacy and security vulnerabilities are particularly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Ali Satvaty , Suzan Verberne , Fatih Turkmen

Large language models have gained significant popularity because of their ability to generate human-like text and potential applications in various fields, such as Software Engineering. Large language models for code are commonly trained on…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Ali Al-Kaswan , Maliheh Izadi , Arie van Deursen

Language models may memorize more than just facts, including entire chunks of texts seen during training. Fair use exemptions to copyright laws typically allow for limited use of copyrighted material without permission from the copyright…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Antonia Karamolegkou , Jiaang Li , Li Zhou , Anders Søgaard

The emerging success of large language models (LLMs) heavily relies on collecting abundant training data from external (untrusted) sources. Despite substantial efforts devoted to data cleaning and curation, well-constructed LLMs have been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Tianlin Li , Qian Liu , Tianyu Pang , Chao Du , Qing Guo , Yang Liu , Min Lin

Large language models (LLMs) have shown great capabilities in various tasks but also exhibited memorization of training data, raising tremendous privacy and copyright concerns. While prior works have studied memorization during…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Shenglai Zeng , Yaxin Li , Jie Ren , Yiding Liu , Han Xu , Pengfei He , Yue Xing , Shuaiqiang Wang , Jiliang Tang , Dawei Yin

Large Language Models (LLMs) represent a leap in artificial intelligence, excelling in tasks using human language(s). Although the main focus of general-purpose LLMs is not code generation, they have shown promising results in the domain.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Sanka Rasnayaka , Guanlin Wang , Ridwan Shariffdeen , Ganesh Neelakanta Iyer

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant potential in the realm of natural language understanding and programming code processing tasks. Their capacity to comprehend and generate human-like code has spurred research into…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-03-07 Chongzhou Fang , Ning Miao , Shaurya Srivastav , Jialin Liu , Ruoyu Zhang , Ruijie Fang , Asmita , Ryan Tsang , Najmeh Nazari , Han Wang , Houman Homayoun

Large language models (LLMs) have been proven capable of memorizing their training data, which can be extracted through specifically designed prompts. As the scale of datasets continues to grow, privacy risks arising from memorization have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Zhenhong Zhou , Jiuyang Xiang , Chaomeng Chen , Sen Su

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools for automating programming tasks, including security-related ones. However, they can also introduce vulnerabilities during code generation, fail to detect existing vulnerabilities,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Enna Basic , Alberto Giaretta

Large Language Models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT and GitHub Copilot have revolutionized automated code generation in software engineering. However, as these models are increasingly utilized for software development, concerns have arisen…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Ahmad Mohsin , Helge Janicke , Adrian Wood , Iqbal H. Sarker , Leandros Maglaras , Naeem Janjua

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated their remarkable capabilities in numerous fields. This survey focuses on how LLMs empower users, regardless of their technical background, to use human languages to automatically generate…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Nam Huynh , Beiyu Lin

Does the training of large language models potentially infringe upon code licenses? Furthermore, are there any datasets available that can be safely used for training these models without violating such licenses? In our study, we assess the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Jonathan Katzy , Răzvan-Mihai Popescu , Arie van Deursen , Maliheh Izadi

Automating code documentation through explanatory text can prove highly beneficial in code understanding. Large Language Models (LLMs) have made remarkable strides in Natural Language Processing, especially within software engineering tasks…

Automatic programming has seen increasing popularity due to the emergence of tools like GitHub Copilot which rely on Large Language Models (LLMs). At the same time, automatically generated code faces challenges during deployment due to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-05-16 Michael R. Lyu , Baishakhi Ray , Abhik Roychoudhury , Shin Hwei Tan , Patanamon Thongtanunam

Recent breakthroughs in Large Language Models (LLMs), such as GPT-3 and Codex, now enable software developers to generate code based on a natural language prompt. Within computer science education, researchers are exploring the potential…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-12-13 Stephen MacNeil , Andrew Tran , Juho Leinonen , Paul Denny , Joanne Kim , Arto Hellas , Seth Bernstein , Sami Sarsa

Large language models (LMs) have been shown to memorize parts of their training data, and when prompted appropriately, they will emit the memorized training data verbatim. This is undesirable because memorization violates privacy (exposing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Nicholas Carlini , Daphne Ippolito , Matthew Jagielski , Katherine Lee , Florian Tramer , Chiyuan Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained considerable traction within the Software Engineering (SE) community, impacting various SE tasks from code completion to test generation, from program repair to code summarization. Despite their…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-01-09 June Sallou , Thomas Durieux , Annibale Panichella

Large Language Models (LLMs) have quickly risen to prominence due to their ability to perform at or close to the state-of-the-art in a variety of fields while handling natural language. An important field of research is the application of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-28 Gabriel de Jesus Coelho da Silva , Carlos Becker Westphall

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) significantly boost their usage in software engineering. However, training a well-performing LLM demands a substantial workforce for data collection and annotation. Moreover, training datasets…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Zongjie Li , Chaozheng Wang , Pingchuan Ma , Chaowei Liu , Shuai Wang , Daoyuan Wu , Cuiyun Gao , Yang Liu
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