Related papers: Vagueness in Predicates and Objects
The eventual goal of a language model is to accurately predict the value of a missing word given its context. We present an approach to word prediction that is based on learning a representation for each word as a function of words and…
Understanding classifier decision under novel environments is central to the community, and a common practice is evaluating it on labeled test sets. However, in real-world testing, image annotations are difficult and expensive to obtain,…
Text embeddings have become central to computational social science and psychology, enabling scalable measurement of meaning and mixed-method inference. Yet most representation learning is optimized and evaluated for prediction and…
Recognizing spatial relations and reasoning about them is essential in multiple applications including navigation, direction giving and human-computer interaction in general. Spatial relations between objects can either be explicit --…
A new approach to the problem of natural language understanding is proposed. The knowledge domain under consideration is the social behavior of people. English sentences are translated into set of predicates of a semantic database, which…
Teaching an agent to perform new tasks using natural language can easily be hindered by ambiguities in interpretation. When a teacher provides an instruction to a learner about an object by referring to its features, the learner can…
Visual word sense disambiguation focuses on polysemous words, where candidate images can be easily confused. Traditional methods use classical probability to calculate the likelihood of an image matching each gloss of the target word,…
The situation assessment problem is considered, in terms of object, condition, activity, and plan recognition, based on data coming from the real-word {em via} various sensors. It is shown that uncertainty issues are linked both to the…
Semantic Heterogeneity is conventionally understood as the existence of variance in the representation of a target reality when modelled, by independent parties, in different databases, schemas and/ or data. We argue that the mere encoding…
One of the common traits of past and present approaches for Semantic Role Labeling (SRL) is that they rely upon discrete labels drawn from a predefined linguistic inventory to classify predicate senses and their arguments. However, we argue…
We discuss quantum non-locality and contextuality, emphasising logical and structural aspects. We also show how the same mathematical structures arise in various areas of classical computation.
In this doctoral thesis, we apply premises of cognitive linguistics to terminological definitions and present a proposal called the flexible terminological definition. This consists of a set of definitions of the same concept made up of a…
The question of what is genuinely quantum about weak values is only ever going to elicit strongly subjective opinions---it is not a scientific question. Good questions, when comparing theories, are operational---they deal with the…
Classical physics encompasses the study of physical phenomena which ranges from local (a point) to nonlocal (a region) in space and/or time. We discuss the concept of spatial and temporal nonlocality. However, one of the likely implications…
Recent years have seen new general notions of contextuality emerge. Most of these employ context-independent symbols to represent random variables in different contexts. As an example, the operational theory of Spekkens [1] treats an…
Classical mechanics involves position and momentum variables that must be special coordinates chosen to promote to suitable quantum operators. Since classical variables may be broadly chosen, only unique variables should be chosen. We will…
Although the quantization of relativistic systems in a proper-time framework gives new insights concerning the understanding of the so-called localization problem, classical observers cannot be treated as quantum comoving frames and real…
The classical decision problem, as it is understood today, is the quest for a delineation between the decidable and the undecidable parts of first-order logic based on elegant syntactic criteria. In this paper, we treat the concept of…
We contemplate the notion of ambiguity in mathematical discourse. We consider a general method of resolving ambiguity and semantic options for sustaining a resolution. The general discussion is applied to the case of `fraction' which is…
Choice functions constitute a simple, direct and very general mathematical framework for modelling choice under uncertainty. In particular, they are able to represent the set-valued choices that appear in imprecise-probabilistic decision…