Related papers: Vagueness in Predicates and Objects
Recent advances in language modeling have witnessed the rise of highly desirable emergent capabilities, such as reasoning and in-context learning. However, vision models have yet to exhibit comparable progress in these areas. In this paper,…
A domain analysis & description calculus is introduced. It is shown to alleviate the issue of implicit semantics. The claim is made that domain descriptions, whether informal, or as also here, formal, amount to an explicit semantics for…
We describe a context-sensitive model of choice, in which the selection process is shaped not only by the attractiveness of items but also by their semantics ('salience'). All items are ranked according to a relation of salience, and a…
Classical Chinese is a language notable for its word class flexibility: the same word may often be used as a noun or a verb. Bisang (2008) claimed that Classical Chinese is a precategorical language, where the syntactic position of a word…
Contextualized word embeddings in language models have given much advance to NLP. Intuitively, sentential information is integrated into the representation of words, which can help model polysemy. However, context sensitivity also leads to…
In this paper, we introduce a semantics of realisability for the classical propositional natural deduction and we prove a correctness theorem. This allows to characterize the operational behaviour of some typed terms.
Using the category of metric spaces as a template, we develop a metric analogue of the categorical semantics of classical/intuitionistic logic, and show that the natural notion of predicate in this "continuous semantics" is equivalent to…
Explainability is a longstanding challenge in deep learning, especially in high-stakes domains like healthcare. Common explainability methods highlight image regions that drive an AI model's decision. Humans, however, heavily rely on…
Initial semantics aims to model inductive structures and their properties, and to provide them with recursion principles respecting these properties. An ubiquitous example is the fold operator for lists. We are concerned with initial…
Different semantic interpretation tasks such as text entailment and question answering require the classification of semantic relations between terms or entities within text. However, in most cases it is not possible to assign a direct…
Prepositions are an important vehicle for indicating semantic roles. Their meanings are difficult to analyze and they are often discarded in processing text. The Preposition Project is designed to provide a comprehensive database of…
We study a generalization of conditional probability for arbitrary ordered vector spaces. A related problem is that of assigning a numerical value to one vector relative to another. We characterize the groups for which these generalized…
Open-vocabulary semantic segmentation enables models to identify novel object categories beyond their training data. While this flexibility represents a significant advancement, current approaches still rely on manually specified class…
One area of physics education research has focused on the nature of ontologies (mental categorizations of concepts, substances and processes), and how they might be used to gain insight into student thinking when learning classical physics.…
Research on reference and naming suggests that humans can come up with very different ways of conceptualizing and referring to the same object, e.g. the same abstract tangram shape can be a "crab", "sink" or "space ship". Another common…
I survey some recent approaches to studying change in the lexicon, particularly change in meaning across phylogenies. I briefly sketch an evolutionary approach to language change and point out some issues in recent approaches to studying…
Reference models in form of best practices are an essential element to ensured knowledge as design for reuse. Popular modeling approaches do not offer mechanisms to embed reference models in a supporting way, let alone a repository of it.…
Definite descriptions are phrases of the form 'the $x$ such that $\varphi$', used to refer to single entities in a context. They are often more meaningful to users than individual names alone, in particular when modelling or querying data…
Semantic properties are domain-specific specification constructs used to augment an existing language with richer semantics. These properties are taken advantage of in system analysis, design, implementation, testing, and maintenance…
Formal Concept Analysis (FCA) begins from a context, given as a binary relation between some objects and some attributes, and derives a lattice of concepts, where each concept is given as a set of objects and a set of attributes, such that…