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Histopathology whole slide images (WSIs) can reveal significant inter-hospital variability such as illumination, color or optical artifacts. These variations, caused by the use of different scanning protocols across medical centers…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-01 Marin Scalbert , Maria Vakalopoulou , Florent Couzinié-Devy

Multiple instance learning is an ideal mode of analysis for histopathology data, where vast whole slide images are typically annotated with a single global label. In such cases, a whole slide image is modelled as a collection of tissue…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-29 Leo Fillioux , Joseph Boyd , Maria Vakalopoulou , Paul-Henry Cournède , Stergios Christodoulidis

Accurate classification of Whole Slide Images (WSIs) and Regions of Interest (ROIs) is a fundamental challenge in computational pathology. While mainstream approaches often adopt Multiple Instance Learning (MIL), they struggle to capture…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Mingxi Fu , Xitong Ling , Yuxuan Chen , Jiawen Li , fanglei fu , Huaitian Yuan , Tian Guan , Yonghong He , Lianghui Zhu

Whole slide image (WSI) classification is a fundamental task for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases; but, curation of accurate labels is time-consuming and limits the application of fully-supervised methods. To address this, multiple…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-25 Philip Chikontwe , Soo Jeong Nam , Heounjeong Go , Meejeong Kim , Hyun Jung Sung , Sang Hyun Park

Automatic medical image segmentation has wide applications for disease diagnosing. However, it is much more challenging than natural optical image segmentation due to the high-resolution of medical images and the corresponding huge…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-18 Ziqiang Li , Rentuo Tao , Qianrun Wu , Bin Li

Annotating medical imaging datasets is costly, so fine-tuning (or transfer learning) is the most effective method for digital pathology vision applications such as disease classification and semantic segmentation. However, due to texture…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-23 Tushar Kataria , Beatrice Knudsen , Shireen Elhabian

The automatic registration of differently stained whole slide images (WSIs) is crucial for improving diagnosis and prognosis by fusing complementary information emerging from different visible structures. It is also useful to quickly…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-22 Marek Wodzinski , Niccolò Marini , Manfredo Atzori , Henning Müller

Advances in optical microscopy scanning have significantly contributed to computational pathology (CPath) by converting traditional histopathological slides into whole slide images (WSIs). This development enables comprehensive digital…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-19 Xitong Ling , Yuanyuan Lei , Jiawen Li , Junru Cheng , Wenting Huang , Tian Guan , Jian Guan , Yonghong He

Advancement in digital pathology and artificial intelligence has enabled deep learning-based computer vision techniques for automated disease diagnosis and prognosis. However, WSIs present unique computational and algorithmic challenges.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Yash Sharma , Lubaina Ehsan , Sana Syed , Donald E. Brown

Foundation models (FMs) are transforming computational pathology by offering new ways to analyze histopathology images. However, FMs typically require weeks of training on large databases, making their creation a resource-intensive process.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-27 Till Nicke , Daniela Schacherer , Jan Raphael Schäfer , Natalia Artysh , Antje Prasse , André Homeyer , Andrea Schenk , Henning Höfener , Johannes Lotz

Histopathology plays a critical role in medical diagnostics, with whole slide images (WSIs) offering valuable insights that directly influence clinical decision-making. However, the large size and complexity of WSIs may pose significant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Zhongwei Qiu , Hanqing Chao , Tiancheng Lin , Wanxing Chang , Zijiang Yang , Wenpei Jiao , Yixuan Shen , Yunshuo Zhang , Yelin Yang , Wenbin Liu , Hui Jiang , Yun Bian , Ke Yan , Dakai Jin , Le Lu

Pathological image analysis is a crucial field in computer-aided diagnosis, where deep learning is widely applied. Transfer learning using pre-trained models initialized on natural images has effectively improved the downstream pathological…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-30 Nan Ying , Yanli Lei , Tianyi Zhang , Shangqing Lyu , Chunhui Li , Sicheng Chen , Zeyu Liu , Yu Zhao , Guanglei Zhang

Whole slide imaging (WSI) is an emerging technology for digital pathology. The process of autofocusing is the main influence of the performance of WSI. Traditional autofocusing methods either are time-consuming due to repetitive mechanical…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-17 Qiang Li , Xianming Liu , Kaige Han , Cheng Guo , Xiangyang Ji , Xiaolin Wu

Multimodal machine learning integrating histopathology and molecular data shows promise for cancer prognostication. We systematically reviewed studies combining whole slide images (WSIs) and high-throughput omics to predict overall…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-07-30 Charlotte Jennings , Andrew Broad , Lucy Godson , Emily Clarke , David Westhead , Darren Treanor

Imaging techniques such as Chest X-rays, whole slide images, and optical coherence tomography serve as the initial screening and detection for a wide variety of medical pulmonary and ophthalmic conditions respectively. This paper…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-04 Jutika Borah , Kumaresh Sarmah , Hidam Kumarjit Singh

Whole Slide Images (WSIs) provide exceptional detail for studying tissue architecture at the cell level. To study tumour microenvironment (TME) with the context of various protein biomarkers and cell sub-types, analysis and registration of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Adith Jeyasangar , Abdullah Alsalemi , Shan E Ahmed Raza

Representation learning of pathology whole-slide images (WSIs) has primarily relied on weak supervision with Multiple Instance Learning (MIL). This approach leads to slide representations highly tailored to a specific clinical task.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Tim Lenz , Peter Neidlinger , Marta Ligero , Georg Wölflein , Marko van Treeck , Jakob Nikolas Kather

Histology slide digitization is becoming essential for telepathology (remote consultation), knowledge sharing (education), and using the state-of-the-art artificial intelligence algorithms (augmented/automated end-to-end clinical…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-15 Talat Zehra , Joseph Marino , Wendy Wang , Grigoriy Frantsuzov , Saad Nadeem

Masked Image Modelling (MIM) has been shown to be an efficient self-supervised learning (SSL) pre-training paradigm when paired with transformer architectures and in the presence of a large amount of unlabelled natural images. The…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-02 Alvaro Fernandez-Quilez , Christoffer Gabrielsen Andersen , Trygve Eftestøl , Svein Reidar Kjosavik , Ketil Oppedal

Given the special situation of modeling gigapixel images, multiple instance learning (MIL) has become one of the most important frameworks for Whole Slide Image (WSI) classification. In current practice, most MIL networks often face two…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-11 Pei Liu , Luping Ji , Xinyu Zhang , Feng Ye