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To acquire instruction-following capabilities, large language models (LLMs) undergo instruction tuning, where they are trained on instruction-response pairs using next-token prediction (NTP). Efforts to improve instruction tuning often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Yuxin Xiao , Shujian Zhang , Wenxuan Zhou , Marzyeh Ghassemi , Sanqiang Zhao

Incorporating language-specific (LS) modules is a proven method to boost performance in multilingual machine translation. This approach bears similarity to Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) because it does not inflate FLOPs. However, the scalability…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Haoran Xu , Weiting Tan , Shuyue Stella Li , Yunmo Chen , Benjamin Van Durme , Philipp Koehn , Kenton Murray

Respiratory sound classification plays a pivotal role in diagnosing respiratory diseases. While deep learning models have shown success with various respiratory sound datasets, our experiments indicate that models trained on one dataset…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Shijia Ge , Weixiang Zhang , Shuzhao Xie , Baixu Yan , Zhi Wang

A well-calibrated neural model produces confidence (probability outputs) closely approximated by the expected accuracy. While prior studies have shown that mixup training as a data augmentation technique can improve model calibration on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-16 Seo Yeon Park , Cornelia Caragea

Large-scale language models such as GPT-3 are excellent few-shot learners, allowing them to be controlled via natural text prompts. Recent studies report that prompt-based direct classification eliminates the need for fine-tuning but lacks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-19 Kang Min Yoo , Dongju Park , Jaewook Kang , Sang-Woo Lee , Woomyeong Park

Instruction tuning is crucial for aligning Large Language Models (LLMs), yet the quality of instruction-following data varies significantly. While high-quality data is paramount, it is often scarce; conversely, abundant low-quality data is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Zhijie Deng , Zhouan Shen , Ling Li , Yao Zhou , Zhaowei Zhu , Yanji He , Wei Wang , Jiaheng Wei

Mixup, a recent proposed data augmentation method through linearly interpolating inputs and modeling targets of random samples, has demonstrated its capability of significantly improving the predictive accuracy of the state-of-the-art…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-05-23 Hongyu Guo , Yongyi Mao , Richong Zhang

This paper proposes a novel formulation of prototypical loss with mixup for speaker verification. Mixup is a simple yet efficient data augmentation technique that fabricates a weighted combination of random data point and label pairs for…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-13 Xin Zhang , Minho Jin , Roger Cheng , Ruirui Li , Eunjung Han , Andreas Stolcke

Mixup is a popular data augmentation technique for training deep neural networks where additional samples are generated by linearly interpolating pairs of inputs and their labels. This technique is known to improve the generalization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Yingtian Zou , Vikas Verma , Sarthak Mittal , Wai Hoh Tang , Hieu Pham , Juho Kannala , Yoshua Bengio , Arno Solin , Kenji Kawaguchi

While many speakers of low-resource languages regularly code-switch between their languages and other regional languages or English, datasets of codeswitched speech are too small to train bespoke acoustic models from scratch or do language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Tolúlopé Ògúnrèmí , Christopher D. Manning , Dan Jurafsky

Vision-language alignment in multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) relies on supervised fine-tuning (SFT) or reinforcement learning (RL). To align multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) in the post-training stage, supervised…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Xin Jin , Siyuan Li , Siyong Jian , Kai Yu , Huan Wang

Data augmentation plays a crucial role in enhancing the robustness and performance of machine learning models across various domains. In this study, we introduce a novel mixed-sample data augmentation method called RandoMix. RandoMix is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-01 Xiaoliang Liu , Furao Shen , Jian Zhao , Changhai Nie

The quality of a Neural Machine Translation system depends substantially on the availability of sizable parallel corpora. For low-resource language pairs this is not the case, resulting in poor translation quality. Inspired by work in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-02-14 Marzieh Fadaee , Arianna Bisazza , Christof Monz

Obtaining object response maps is one important step to achieve weakly-supervised semantic segmentation using image-level labels. However, existing methods rely on the classification task, which could result in a response map only attending…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-05 Yu-Ting Chang , Qiaosong Wang , Wei-Chih Hung , Robinson Piramuthu , Yi-Hsuan Tsai , Ming-Hsuan Yang

Large language models have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across various tasks, primarily attributed to the utilization of diversely sourced data. However, the impact of pretraining data composition on model performance remains poorly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Ce Ge , Zhijian Ma , Daoyuan Chen , Yaliang Li , Bolin Ding

Despite their empirical success, neural networks still have difficulty capturing compositional aspects of natural language. This work proposes a simple data augmentation approach to encourage compositional behavior in neural models for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-19 Demi Guo , Yoon Kim , Alexander M. Rush

This paper presents MixText, a semi-supervised learning method for text classification, which uses our newly designed data augmentation method called TMix. TMix creates a large amount of augmented training samples by interpolating text in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-28 Jiaao Chen , Zichao Yang , Diyi Yang

Optimizing data mixtures is essential for unlocking the full potential of large language models (LLMs), yet identifying the optimal composition remains computationally prohibitive due to reliance on heuristic trials or expensive proxy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Jiapeng Wang , Changxin Tian , Kunlong Chen , Ziqi Liu , Jiaxin Mao , Wayne Xin Zhao , Zhiqiang Zhang , Jun Zhou

Mixup is a commonly adopted data augmentation technique for image classification. Recent advances in mixup methods primarily focus on mixing based on saliency. However, many saliency detectors require intense computation and are especially…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-17 Hyeong Kyu Choi , Joonmyung Choi , Hyunwoo J. Kim

For the speaker-controlled spoken language identification task proposed in the TidyLang Challenge 2026, this paper proposes a language identification method based on pre-trained models and margin-based losses. The proposed method adopts a…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Zhihua Fang , Liang He , Weiwu Jiang