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Physics informed neural networks (PINNs) have emerged as a powerful tool to provide robust and accurate approximations of solutions to partial differential equations (PDEs). However, PINNs face serious difficulties and challenges when…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-11 Rajat Arora

Fourier neural operators (FNOs) provide a mesh-independent way to learn solution operators for partial differential equations, yet their efficacy for magnetized turbulence is largely unexplored. Here we train an FNO surrogate for the 2-D…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-07-03 Roberta Duarte , Rodrigo Nemmen , Reinaldo Santos-Lima

Neural Operators (NOs) are a leading method for surrogate modeling of partial differential equations. Unlike traditional neural networks, which approximate individual functions, NOs learn the mappings between function spaces. While NOs have…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-08-01 Keith Poletti , Stella S. R. Offner , Rachel A. Ward

This study focuses on addressing the challenges of solving analytically intractable differential equations that arise in scientific and engineering fields such as Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman. Traditional numerical methods and neural network…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-08-23 Daniel Sevcovic , Cyril Izuchukwu Udeani

Solving partial differential equations (PDEs) is a required step in the simulation of natural and engineering systems. The associated computational costs significantly increase when exploring various scenarios, such as changes in initial or…

Partial Differential Equation (PDE) problems often exhibit strong local spatial structures, and effectively capturing these structures is critical for approximating their solutions. Recently, the Fourier Neural Operator (FNO) has emerged as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Chaoyu Liu , Davide Murari , Lihao Liu , Yangming Li , Chris Budd , Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb

Local neural operator (LNO) conception has provided a feasible way for scientific computations. The LNO learns transient partial differential equations from random field samples, and then the pre-trained LNO solves practical problems on…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-04-16 Hongyu Li , Ximeng Ye , Lei He , Weiqi Qian , Peng Jiang , Tiejun Wang

A large class of hyperbolic and advection-dominated PDEs can have solutions with discontinuities. This paper investigates, both theoretically and empirically, the operator learning of PDEs with discontinuous solutions. We rigorously prove,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-04 Samuel Lanthaler , Roberto Molinaro , Patrik Hadorn , Siddhartha Mishra

Designing universal artificial intelligence (AI) solver for partial differential equations (PDEs) is an open-ended problem and a significant challenge in science and engineering. Currently, data-driven solvers have achieved great success,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Qinglong Ma , Peizhi Zhao , Sen Wang , Tao Song

This paper explores the difficulties in solving partial differential equations (PDEs) using physics-informed neural networks (PINNs). PINNs use physics as a regularization term in the objective function. However, a drawback of this approach…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Shamsulhaq Basir

It is well known that Newton's method can have trouble converging if the initial guess is too far from the solution. Such a problem particularly occurs when this method is used to solve nonlinear elliptic partial differential equations…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-12-10 Joubine Aghili , Emmanuel Franck , Romain Hild , Victor Michel-Dansac , Vincent Vigon

Parametric differential equations of the form du/dt = f(u, x, t, p) are fundamental in science and engineering. While deep learning frameworks such as the Fourier Neural Operator (FNO) can efficiently approximate solutions, they struggle…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Abdolmehdi Behroozi , Chaopeng Shen and , Daniel Kifer

This paper presents a new method for solving Fokker-Planck equations (FPE) by learning a neural sampler for the distribution given by the FPE via an adversarial training based on a weak formulation of the FPE where the adjoint operator of…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-10-14 Andrew Qing He , Wei Cai

There has recently been increasing attention towards developing foundational neural Partial Differential Equation (PDE) solvers and neural operators through large-scale pretraining. However, unlike vision and language models that make use…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-21 AmirPouya Hemmasian , Amir Barati Farimani

We introduce the Laplace neural operator (LNO), which leverages the Laplace transform to decompose the input space. Unlike the Fourier Neural Operator (FNO), LNO can handle non-periodic signals, account for transient responses, and exhibit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Qianying Cao , Somdatta Goswami , George Em Karniadakis

Neural operators (NOs) struggle with high-contrast multiscale partial differential equations (PDEs), where fine-scale heterogeneities cause large errors. To address this, we use the Generalized Multiscale Finite Element Method (GMsFEM) that…

Fourier Neural Operators (FNOs) have emerged as promising surrogates for partial differential equation solvers. In this work, we extensively tested FNOs on a variety of systems with non-linear and non-stationary properties, using a wide…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Rad Haghi , Bipin Gaikwad , Abani Patra

This article addresses linear hyperbolic partial differential equations and pseudodifferential equations with strongly singular coefficients and data, modelled as members of algebras of generalised functions. We employ the recently…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2011-04-18 Claudia Garetto , Michael Oberguggenberger

This paper introduces an operator-based neural network, the mirror-padded Fourier neural operator (MFNO), designed to learn the dynamics of stochastic systems. MFNO extends the standard Fourier neural operator (FNO) by incorporating mirror…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Wonjae Lee , Taeyoung Kim , Hyungbin Park

Neural operators (NO) are discretization invariant deep learning methods with functional output and can approximate any continuous operator. NO have demonstrated the superiority of solving partial differential equations (PDEs) over other…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-02-02 Jianguo Huang , Yue Qiu