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Blazars are an extreme subclass of active galactic nuclei. Their rapid variability, luminous brightness, superluminal motion, and high and variable polarization are probably due to a beaming effect. However, this beaming factor (or Doppler…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-02-21 J. H. Fan , J. H. Yang , H. B. Xiao , C. Lin , D. Constantin , G. Y. Luo , Z. Y. Pei , J. M. Hao , Y. W. Mao

Pulsars are among the prime targets for the Large Area Telescope (LAT) aboard the recently launched Fermi observatory. The LAT will study the gamma-ray Universe between 20 MeV and 300 GeV with unprecedented detail. Increasing numbers of…

We examine a model for the observed temporal variability of powerful blazars in the $\gamma$-ray band in which the dynamics is described in terms of a stochastic differential equation, including the contribution of a deterministic drift and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-07-22 F. Tavecchio , G. Bonnoli , G. Galanti

The production site and process responsible for the highly variable high-energy emission observed from blazar jets are still debated. Gravitational lenses can be used as microscopes to investigate the nature of such sources. We study the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-10-09 Sarah M. Wagner , Jeffrey D. Scargle , Greg Madejski , Andrea Gokus , Krzysztof Nalewajko , Patrick Günther , Karl Mannheim

Blazars are characterized by rapid variability at virtually all wavelengths from radio through TeV gamma-rays. The challenge since their discovery has been to understand the origin of their luminous, apparently nonthermal, nuclear emission.…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 C. Megan Urry

The extragalactic gamma-ray sky is dominated by relativistic jets aligned to the observer's line of sight, i.e., blazars. A few of their misaligned counterparts, e.g., radio galaxies, are also detected with the Fermi-Large Area Telescope…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-10-15 Vaidehi S. Paliya , D. J. Saikia , Alberto Domínguez , C. S. Stalin

Aims: We aim at investigating the time-behaviour of a sample of gamma-ray blazars. We present the results from a 13 month-long optical photometry monitoring campaign of the blazars PKS 0048-097, PKS 0754+100, HB89 0827+243, PKS 0851+202,…

We present the results of the \textit{Fermi}-LAT 10-years-long light curves (LCs) modeling of selected blazars: six flat spectrum radio quasars (FSRQs) and five BL Lacertae (BL Lacs), examined in 7-, 10-, and 14-day binning. The LCs and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-09-24 Mariusz Tarnopolski , Natalia Żywucka , Volodymyr Marchenko , Javier Pascual-Granado

With ten years of operation and an exceptional dataset, the Fermi-Large Area Telescope allows us to unveil the detailed composition of the extragalactic $\gamma$-ray sky above $\rm 100\,MeV$. In this paper, we derive the intrinsic…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-06-09 Lea Marcotulli , Mattia Di Mauro , Marco Ajello

Comprehensive VLBI and multi-waveband monitoring indicate that a single superluminal knot can cause a number of gamma-ray flares at different locations. However, the often very rapid variability timescale is a challenge to theoretical…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2010-06-01 Alan P. Marscher , Svetlana G. Jorstad

The extragalactic $\gamma$-ray sky is dominated by blazars and their study plays an important role in understanding jet physics, cosmic evolution history and origin of ultra high energy cosmic rays. In this work, we study a large sample of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-05-23 Muhammad Shahzad Anjum , Liang Chen , Minfeng Gu

I review here the present observational efforts to study parsec-scale radio jets in active galactic nuclei with very-long-baseline interferometry (VLBI) as related to the new window to the Universe opened by the LAT instrument on-board the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2012-05-07 Eduardo Ros

The extragalactic $\gamma$-rays sky observed by Fermi-Large Area Telescope (LAT) is dominated by blazars. In the fourth release of the Fermi-LAT Point Source Catalog (4FGL), are sources showing a multifrequency behavior similar to that of…

The Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) is currently the most important facility for investigating the GeV $\gamma$-ray sky. With Fermi LAT more than three thousand $\gamma$-ray sources have been discovered so far. 1144 ($\sim40\%$) of the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-09-07 G. Chiaro , D. Salvetti , G. La Mura , M. Giroletti , D. J. Thompson , D. Bastieri

Despite the growing number of gamma-ray sources detected by Fermi-LAT, about one third of the sources in each survey remains of uncertain type. We present a new deep neural network approach for the classification of unidentified or…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-09-28 Thorben Finke , Michael Krämer , Silvia Manconi

Several models have been suggested to explain the fast gamma-ray variability observed in blazars, but its origin is still debated. One scenario is magnetic reconnection, a process that can efficiently convert magnetic energy to energy of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-09-20 J. Jormanainen , T. Hovatta , E. Lindfors , I. Christie , M. Petropoulou , I. Liodakis

Since the launch of the Fermi satellite, BL Lacertae has been moderately active at gamma-rays and optical frequencies until May 2011, when the source started a series of strong flares. The exceptional optical sampling achieved by the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-08-14 C. M. Raiteri , M. Villata , F. D'Ammando , V. M. Larionov , M. A. Gurwell , D. O. Mirzaqulov , P. S. Smith

High-$z$ blazars (z $\geq 2.5$) are the most powerful class of persistent $\gamma$-ray sources in the Universe. These objects possess the highest jet powers and luminosities and have black hole masses often in excess of $10^9$ solar masses.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-11-18 M. Kreter , A. Gokus , F. Krauß , M. Kadler , R. Ojha , S. Buson , J. Wilms , M. Böttcher

The blazar 3C 279 is well known for its rapid and large-amplitude variability. On 20 December 2013, the source exhibited an orphan {\gamma}-ray flare characterized by a flux-doubling timescale of a few hours, a very hard spectrum, a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-05-04 Sébastien Le Bihan , Anton Dmytriiev , Andreas Zech

Blazars can be detected from very large distances due to their high luminosity. However, the detection of $\gamma$-ray emission of blazars beyond $z=3$ has only been confirmed for a small number of sources. Such observations probe the…

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