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The Circuit Satisfiability (CSAT) problem, a variant of the Boolean Satisfiability (SAT) problem, plays a critical role in integrated circuit design and verification. However, existing SAT solvers, optimized for Conjunctive Normal Form…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Zhengyuan Shi , Tiebing Tang , Jiaying Zhu , Sadaf Khan , Hui-Ling Zhen , Mingxuan Yuan , Zhufei Chu , Qiang Xu

Given a MAX-2-SAT instance, we define a local maximum to be an assignment such that changing any single variable reduces the number of satisfied clauses. We consider the question of the number of local maxima that an instance of MAX-2-SAT…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-11-01 M. B. Hastings

We study the Boolean Satisfiability problem (SAT) in the framework of diversity, where one asks for multiple solutions that are mutually far apart (i.e., sufficiently dissimilar from each other) for a suitable notion of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Neeldhara Misra , Harshil Mittal , Ashutosh Rai

Incomplete MaxSAT solving aims to quickly find a solution that attempts to minimize the sum of the weights of the unsatisfied soft clauses without providing any optimality guarantees. In this paper, we propose two approximation strategies…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-06-20 Saurabh Joshi , Prateek Kumar , Ruben Martins , Sukrut Rao

The constraint satisfaction problems k-SAT and Quantum k-SAT (k-QSAT) are canonical NP-complete and QMA_1-complete problems (for k>=3), respectively, where QMA_1 is a quantum generalization of NP with one-sided error. Whereas k-SAT has been…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-01 Marco Aldi , Niel de Beaudrap , Sevag Gharibian , Seyran Saeedi

We propose an incomplete algorithm for Maximum Satisfiability (MaxSAT) specifically designed to run on neural network accelerators such as GPUs and TPUs. Given a MaxSAT problem instance in conjunctive normal form, our procedure constructs a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-07 David Warde-Farley , Vinod Nair , Yujia Li , Ivan Lobov , Felix Gimeno , Simon Osindero

The class $(r,2)$-CSP, or simply Max 2-CSP, consists of constraint satisfaction problems with at most two $r$-valued variables per clause. For instances with $n$ variables and $m$ binary clauses, we present an $O(n r^{5+19m/100})$-time…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2008-03-26 Alexander D. Scott , Gregory B. Sorkin

An algorithm for a particular problem may find some instances of the problem easier and others harder to solve, even for a fixed input size. We numerically analyse the relative hardness of MAX 2-SAT problem instances for various…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-24 Puya Mirkarimi , Adam Callison , Lewis Light , Nicholas Chancellor , Viv Kendon

The question of whether the complexity class P is equal to the complexity class NP has been a seemingly intractable problem for over 4 decades. It has been clear that if an algorithm existed that would solve the problems in the NP class in…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-06-04 Jason W. Steinmetz

We here study Max Hamming XSAT, ie, the problem of finding two XSAT models at maximum Hamming distance. By using a recent XSAT solver as an auxiliary function, an O(1.911^n) time algorithm can be constructed, where n is the number of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Vilhelm Dahllof

We present an exact algorithm that decides, for every fixed $r \geq 2$ in time $O(m) + 2^{O(k^2)}$ whether a given multiset of $m$ clauses of size $r$ admits a truth assignment that satisfies at least $((2^r-1)m+k)/2^r$ clauses. Thus…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2011-08-23 Noga Alon , Gregory Gutin , Eun Jung Kim , Stefan Szeider , Anders Yeo

We present NeuroSAT, a message passing neural network that learns to solve SAT problems after only being trained as a classifier to predict satisfiability. Although it is not competitive with state-of-the-art SAT solvers, NeuroSAT can solve…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-03-13 Daniel Selsam , Matthew Lamm , Benedikt Bünz , Percy Liang , Leonardo de Moura , David L. Dill

MAX NAE-SAT is a natural optimization problem, closely related to its better-known relative MAX SAT. The approximability status of MAX NAE-SAT is almost completely understood if all clauses have the same size $k$, for some $k\ge 2$. We…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Joshua Brakensiek , Neng Huang , Aaron Potechin , Uri Zwick

A variant of the well-known Knapsack Problem is studied in this paper, where pairs of items are conflicting, and cannot be selected at the same time. This configures a set of hard constraints. The problem, which can be used to model real…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-06-05 Roberto Montemanni , Derek H. Smith

In this paper, we investigate the strength of six different SAT solvers in attacking various obfuscation schemes. Our investigation revealed that Glucose and Lingeling SAT solvers are generally suited for attacking small-to-midsize…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-05-02 Shervin Roshanisefat , Harshith K. Thirumala , Kris Gaj , Houman Homayoun , Avesta Sasan

We introduce and benchmark a stochastic local search heuristic for the NP-complete satisfiability problem 3-SAT that drastically outperforms existing solvers in the notoriously difficult realm of critically hard instances. Our construction…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-23 J. Schwardt , J. C. Budich

This paper describes diff-SAT, an Answer Set and SAT solver which combines regular solving with the capability to use probabilistic clauses, facts and rules, and to sample an optimal world-view (multiset of satisfying Boolean variable…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-01-05 Matthias Nickles

We propose a new approach to SAT solving which solves SAT problems in vector spaces as a cost minimization problem of a non-negative differentiable cost function J^sat. In our approach, a solution, i.e., satisfying assignment, for a SAT…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-08-17 Taisuke Sato , Ryosuke Kojima

We propose an algorithm to explore the global optimization method, using SAT solvers, for training a neural net. Deep Neural Networks have achieved great feats in tasks like-image recognition, speech recognition, etc. Much of their success…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-13 Subham S. Sahoo

Satisfiability problem (SAT) is a cornerstone of computational complexity with broad industrial applications, and it remains challenging to optimize modern SAT solvers in real-world settings due to their intricate architectures. While…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Yiwen Sun , Furong Ye , Zhihan Chen , Ke Wei , Shaowei Cai