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Satellite-based remote sensing missions have revolutionized our understanding of the Ocean state and dynamics. Among them, space-borne altimetry provides valuable Sea Surface Height (SSH) measurements, used to estimate surface geostrophic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Theo Archambault , Arthur Filoche , Anastase Charantonis , Dominique Bereziat , Sylvie Thiria

Knowledge of ocean circulation is important for understanding and predicting weather and climate, and managing the blue economy. This circulation can be estimated through Sea Surface Height (SSH) observations, but requires decomposing the…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2024-09-27 Jingwen Lyu , Yue Wang , Christian Pedersen , Spencer Jones , Dhruv Balwada

The Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) mission provides two-dimensional sea surface height (SSH) maps at unprecedented resolution, but its signal is a combination of balanced meso- and submesoscale turbulence, unbalanced internal…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-12-04 Jack William Skinner , Jörn Callies , Albion Lawrence , Xihan Zhang

The upcoming Surface Water Ocean Topography (SWOT) satellite altimetry mission is expected to yield two-dimensional high-resolution measurements of Sea Surface Height (SSH), thus allowing for a better characterization of the mesoscale and…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2020-05-05 Redouane Lguensat , Ronan Fablet , Julien Le Sommer , Sammy Metref , Emmanuel Cosme , Kaouther Ouenniche , Lucas Drumetz , Jonathan Gula

The sea surface height (SSH) field measured by Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) mission's wide-swath altimeter is analyzed with a focus on submesoscale features. Along-track wavenumber spectra of SSH variance are estimated for the…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-10-14 Xihan Zhang , Jörn Callies

The reconstruction of sea surface currents from satellite altimeter data is a key challenge in spatial oceanography, especially with the upcoming wide-swath SWOT (Surface Ocean and Water Topography) altimeter mission. Operational systems…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-14 Maxime Beauchamp , Quentin Febvre , Hugo Georgentum , Ronan Fablet

Satellite altimetry is a unique way for direct observations of sea surface dynamics. This is however limited to the surface-constrained geostrophic component of sea surface velocities. Ageostrophic dynamics are however expected to be…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2023-01-09 Ronan Fablet , Bertrand Chapron , Julien Le Sommer , Florian Sévellec

Satellite radar altimeters are a key source of observation of ocean surface dynamics. However, current sensor technology and mapping techniques do not yet allow to systematically resolve scales smaller than 100km. With their new sensors,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-28 Quentin Febvre , Ronan Fablet , Julien Le Sommer , Clément Ubelmann

Oceanic processes at fine scales are crucial yet difficult to observe accurately due to limitations in satellite and in-situ measurements. The Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) mission provides high-resolution Sea Surface Height…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-03-28 Eugenio Cutolo , Carlos Granero-Belinchon , Ptashanna Thiraux , Jinbo Wang , Ronan Fablet

Due to the irregular space-time sampling of sea surface observations, the reconstruction of sea surface dynamics is a challenging inverse problem. While satellite altimetry provides a direct observation of the sea surface height (SSH),…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-07-19 Ronan Fablet , Quentin Febvre , Bertrand Chapron

The Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) mission provides two-dimensional observations of sea surface height (SSH) at unprecedented spatial resolution, enabling exploration of ocean variability down to scales of $O(10~\mathrm{ km})$.…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2026-04-16 Ryan Shìjié Dù , Momme Hell , Luc Lenain , Fabrice Ardhuin , A. B. Villas Bôas

We present an end-to-end deep learning framework for short-term forecasting of global sea surface dynamics based on sparse satellite altimetry data. Building on two state-of-the-art architectures: U-Net and 4DVarNet, originally developed…

While geostrophy remains the simplest and most practical balance to extract velocity information from sea-surface height anomaly (SSHa), confusions remain within the oceanographic community to what extent this balance can be applied to…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2026-01-27 Takaya Uchida , Badarvada Yadidya , Vadim Bertrand , Jia-Xian Chang , Brian Arbic , Jay Shriver , Julien Le Sommer

This paper presents a method for estimating significant wave height (Hs) from sparse S_pectral P_oint using a T_ransformer-based approach (SPT). Based on empirical observations that only a minority of spectral points with strong power…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-09 Yi Zhou , Li Wang , Hang Su , Tian Wang

In spite of astonishing advances and developments in remote sensing technologies, meeting the spatio-temporal requirements for flood hydrodynamic modeling remains a great challenge for Earth Observation. The assimilation of multi-source…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-09 Thanh Huy Nguyen , Sophie Ricci , Andrea Piacentini , Charlotte Emery , Raquel Rodriguez Suquet , Santiago Peña Luque

Recognition of features in satellite imagery (forests, swimming pools, etc.) depends strongly on the spatial scale of the concept and therefore the resolution of the images. This poses two challenges: Which resolution is best suited for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Shreelekha Revankar , Cheng Perng Phoo , Utkarsh Mall , Bharath Hariharan , Kavita Bala

Despite substantial technological advancements, the comprehensive mapping of surface water, particularly smaller bodies (<1ha), continues to be a challenge due to a lack of robust, scalable methods. Standard methods require either training…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-17 Hunsoo Song , Jinha Jung

Self-supervised learning (SSL) has emerged as a powerful strategy for representation learning under limited annotation regimes, yet its effectiveness remains highly sensitive to many factors, especially the nature of the target task. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Jorge Quesada , Ghassan AlRegib

UAV Geo-Localization faces significant challenges due to the drastic appearance discrepancy between dronecaptured images and satellite views. Existing methods typically assume a consistent scaling factor across views and rely on predefined…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Quan Chen , Tingyu Wang , Rongfeng Lu , Yu Liu , Bolun Zheng , Zhedong Zheng

Sea surface temperature (SST) is an essential climate variable that can be measured via ground truth, remote sensing, or hybrid model methodologies. Here, we celebrate SST surveillance progress via the application of a few relevant…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2023-06-19 Albert Larson , Ali Shafqat Akanda
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