English
Related papers

Related papers: A theoretical basis for MEV

200 papers

Ethereum has emerged as a leading platform for decentralized applications (dApps) due to its robust smart contract capabilities. One of the critical issues in the Ethereum ecosystem is Maximal Extractable Value (MEV), a concept that has…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-21 Dipankar Sarkar

As blockchains begin processing significant economic activity, the ability to include and order transactions inevitably becomes highly valuable, a concept known as Maximal Extractable Value (MEV). This makes effective mechanisms for…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Robin Fritsch , Maria Inês Silva , Akaki Mamageishvili , Benjamin Livshits , Edward W. Felten

Miner extractable value (MEV) refers to any excess value that a transaction validator can realize by manipulating the ordering of transactions. In this work, we introduce a simple theoretical definition of the 'cost of MEV', prove some…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-10-16 Guillermo Angeris , Tarun Chitra , Theo Diamandis , Kshitij Kulkarni

MEV attacks have been an omnipresent evil in the blockchain world, an implicit tax that uninformed users pay for using the service. The problem arises from the miners' ability to reorder and insert arbitrary transactions in the blocks they…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-29 Dev Churiwala , Bhaskar Krishnamachari

Permissionless blockchains such as Bitcoin have excelled at financial services. Yet, opportunistic traders extract monetary value from the mesh of decentralized finance (DeFi) smart contracts through so-called blockchain extractable value…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-13 Kaihua Qin , Liyi Zhou , Arthur Gervais

Many cryptocurrency platforms are vulnerable to Maximal Extractable Value (MEV) attacks, where a malicious consensus leader can inject transactions or change the order of user transactions to maximize its profit. A promising line of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-12-26 Dahlia Malkhi , Pawel Szalachowski

Strategies related to the blockchain concept of Extractable Value (MEV/BEV), such as arbitrage, front-, or back-running create strong economic incentives for network nodes to reduce latency. Modified nodes, that minimize transaction…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Taro Tsuchiya , Liyi Zhou , Kaihua Qin , Arthur Gervais , Nicolas Christin

Maximal Extractable Value, or MEV, remains a structural threat to blockchain fairness because a block producer can often observe pending transactions and unilaterally decide their ordering or inclusion. Existing mitigations hide transaction…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Jian Sheng Wang

On high-throughput, low-fee blockchains, a qualitatively new form of maximal extractable value (MEV) has emerged: searchers submit large volumes of speculative transactions, whose profitability is resolved only at execution time. We refer…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Wenhao Wang , Aditya Saraf , Lioba Heimbach , Kushal Babel , Fan Zhang

This paper analyzes the Execution Tickets proposal on Ethereum Research, unveiling its potential to revolutionize the Ethereum blockchain's economic model. At the core of this proposal lies a novel ticketing mechanism poised to redefine how…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Jonah Burian

This Systematization of Knowledge (SoK) provides a comprehensive historical analysis of Maximal Extractable Value (MEV) in blockchain systems, tracing its conceptual evolution through three distinct eras. We organize the fragmented…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Davide Mancino , Hasret Ozan Sevim

This paper tackles the discovery of tMEV, that is, the Maximal Extractable Value on blockchains that arises from Token smart contracts. This scope differs from the existing MEV-discovery research, which analyzes application-layer contracts…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Jiaqi Chen , Yuzhe Tang , Yue Duan

We analyze maximal extractable value in multiple concurrent proposer blockchains, where multiple blocks become data available before their final execution order is determined. This concurrency breaks the single builder assumption of…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Steven Landers , Benjamin Marsh

The detection of Maximal Extractable Value (MEV) in blockchain is crucial for enhancing blockchain security, as it enables the evaluation of potential consensus layer risks, the effectiveness of anti-centralization solutions, and the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-05-11 Seongwan Park , Woojin Jeong , Yunyoung Lee , Bumho Son , Huisu Jang , Jaewook Lee

Blockchains offer strong security gurarantees, but cannot protect users against the ordering of transactions. Players such as miners, bots and validators can reorder various transactions and reap significant profits, called the Maximal…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-08-30 Arti Vedula , Shaileshh Bojja Venkatakrishnan , Abhishek Gupta

Trading through decentralized exchanges (DEXs) has become crucial in today's blockchain ecosystem, enabling users to swap tokens efficiently and automatically. However, the capacity of miners to strategically order transactions has led to…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-09-25 Yuhao Li , Mengqian Zhang , Jichen Li , Elynn Chen , Xi Chen , Xiaotie Deng

Blockchains have popularized automated market makers (AMMs). An AMM exchange is an application running on a blockchain which maintains a pool of crypto-assets and automatically trades assets with users governed by some pricing function that…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-09-16 T-H. Hubert Chan , Ke Wu , Elaine Shi

Possible manipulation of user transactions by miners in a permissionless blockchain systems is a growing concern. This problem is a pervasive and systemic issue, known as Miner Extractable Value (MEV), incurs highs costs on users of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Bulat Nasrulin , Georgy Ishmaev , Jérémie Decouchant , Johan Pouwelse

Blockchain has empowered computer systems to be more secure using a distributed network. However, the current blockchain design suffers from fairness issues in transaction ordering. Miners are able to reorder transactions to generate…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Yihang Fu , Zesen Zhuang , Luyao Zhang

Maximal Extractable Value (MEV) searching has gained prominence on the Ethereum blockchain since the surge in Decentralized Finance activities. In Ethereum, MEV extraction primarily hinges on fee payments to block proposers. However, in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Burak Öz , Jonas Gebele , Parshant Singh , Filip Rezabek , Florian Matthes