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Currently, many critical care indices are repetitively assessed and recorded by overburdened nurses, e.g. physical function or facial pain expressions of nonverbal patients. In addition, many essential information on patients and their…
Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) have revolutionized cardiovascular medicine, particularly through integration with computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), electrocardiography (ECG) and ultrasound…
Melanoma, the deadliest form of skin cancer, has seen a steady increase in incidence rates worldwide, posing a significant challenge to dermatologists. Early detection is crucial for improving patient survival rates. However, performing…
The development of multi-label deep learning models for retinal disease classification is often hindered by the scarcity of large, expertly annotated clinical datasets due to patient privacy concerns and high costs. The recent release of…
Glaucoma is a progressive eye disease that leads to optic nerve damage, causing irreversible vision loss if left untreated. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has become a crucial tool for glaucoma diagnosis, offering high-resolution 3D…
The emergence of artificial general intelligence (AGI) is transforming radiation oncology. As prominent vanguards of AGI, large language models (LLMs) such as GPT-4 and PaLM 2 can process extensive texts and large vision models (LVMs) such…
Background: To determine the ability of a commercially available deep learning system, RetCAD v.1.3.1 (Thirona, Nijmegen, The Netherlands) for the automatic detection of referable diabetic retinopathy (DR) on a dataset of colour fundus…
Purpose: (1) To develop a deep learning algorithm to automatically segment structures of the optic nerve head (ONH) and macula in 3D wide-field optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans; (2) To assess whether 3D macula or ONH structures (or…
Skin cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide and early detection is critical for effective treatment. However, current AI diagnostic tools are often trained on datasets dominated by lighter skin tones, leading to reduced accuracy…
Widespread outreach programs using remote retinal imaging have proven to decrease the risk from diabetic retinopathy, the leading cause of blindness in the US. However, this process still requires manual verification of image quality and…
LAFOV PET/CT has the potential to unlock new applications such as ultra-low dose PET/CT imaging, multiplexed imaging, for biomarker development and for faster AI-driven reconstruction, but further work is required before these can be…
Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) provides high-resolution, 3D, and non-invasive visualization of retinal layers in vivo, serving as a critical tool for lesion localization and disease diagnosis. However, its widespread adoption is limited…
Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible but preventable blindness in the world. Its major treatable risk factor is the intra-ocular pressure, although other biomarkers are being explored to improve the understanding of the…
The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in medical diagnostics is often hindered by model opacity, where high-accuracy systems function as "black boxes" without transparent reasoning. This limitation is critical in clinical…
Efficient and effective assessment of acute and chronic wounds can help wound care teams in clinical practice to greatly improve wound diagnosis, optimize treatment plans, ease the workload and achieve health related quality of life to the…
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the leading causes of irreversible vision impairment in people over the age of 60. This research focuses on semantic segmentation for AMD lesion detection in RGB fundus images, a non-invasive…
Recently, the research community of computerized medical imaging has started to discuss and address potential fairness issues that may emerge when developing and deploying AI systems for medical image analysis. This chapter covers some of…
Anti-facial recognition (AFR) image filters alter images in ways that are subtle to people but blinding to computer vision. Yet, despite widespread interest in these technologies to subvert surveillance, users rarely use them in practice --…
Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography (CCTA) evaluation of chest-pain patients in an Emergency Department (ED) is considered appropriate. While a negative CCTA interpretation supports direct patient discharge from an ED, labor-intensive…
Age related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the major causes for blindness in the elderly population. In this report, we propose deep learning based methods for retinal analysis using color fundus images for computer aided diagnosis of…