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The increasing complexity of advanced semiconductor packages, driven by chiplet architectures and 2.5D/3D integration, challenges conventional failure localization methods such as lock-in thermography (LIT) and complicates current Failure…
Current density distributions in active integrated circuits (ICs) result in patterns of magnetic fields that contain structural and functional information about the IC. Magnetic fields pass through standard materials used by the…
Quantum Diamond Microscope (QDM) magnetic field imaging is an emerging interrogation and diagnostic technique for integrated circuits (ICs). To date, the ICs measured with a QDM were either too complex for us to predict the expected…
The quantum diamond microscope (QDM) is a recently developed technology for near-field imaging of magnetic fields with micron-scale spatial resolution. In the present work, we integrate a QDM with a narrowband measurement protocol and a…
The adoption of 3D packaging technology necessitates the development of new approaches to failure electronic device analysis. To that end, our team is developing a tool called the quantum diamond microscope (QDM) that leverages an ensemble…
The Quantum Diamond Microscope (QDM) is an emerging magnetic imaging tool enabling noninvasive characterization of electronic circuits through spatially mapping current densities. In this work, we demonstrate wafer-level current sensing of…
As quantum computing hardware becomes more complex with ongoing design innovations and growing capabilities, the quantum computing community needs increasingly powerful techniques for fabrication failure root-cause analysis. This is…
Magnetic Field Imaging (MFI) is the newest Fault Isolation/Failure analysis technique to non-destructively and non-invasively localize defects such as electrical shorts and opens in both the die and package levels of Flip-Chips. This is…
The Quantum Diamond Microscope (QDM) is an instrument with a demonstrated capability to image electrical current in integrated circuits (ICs), which shows promise for detection of hardware Trojans. The anomalous current activity caused by…
We provide an overview of the experimental techniques, measurement modalities, and diverse applications of the Quantum Diamond Microscope (QDM). The QDM employs a dense layer of fluorescent nitrogen-vacancy (NV) color centers near the…
The continuous scaling of semiconductor-based technologies to micron and sub-micron regimes has resulted in higher device density and lower power dissipation. Many physical phenomena such as self-heating or current leakage become…
This paper presents a method for hardware trojan detection in integrated circuits. Unsupervised deep learning is used to classify wide field-of-view (4x4 mm$^2$), high spatial resolution magnetic field images taken using a Quantum Diamond…
Quantum diamond microscopy (QDM), which employs nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center ensembles, is a promising approach to quantitatively imaging magnetic fields with both high resolution that approaches the diffraction limit and a wide field of…
Wide-field imaging of magnetic signals using ensembles of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond has garnered increasing interest due to its combination of micron-scale resolution, millimeter-scale field of view, and compatibility with…
Remanent magnetization in geological samples may record the past intensity and direction of planetary magnetic fields. Traditionally, this magnetization is analyzed through measurements of the net magnetic moment of bulk millimeter to…
The coherence of quantum dot qubits fabricated in semiconductors is often limited by charge noise from defects in gate dielectrics, which are material- and process-dependent. Characterizing these defects is an important step towards…
Band bending is a central concept in solid-state physics that arises from local variations in charge distribution especially near semiconductor interfaces and surfaces. Its precision measurement is vital in a variety of contexts from the…
Implementing many important sub-circuits on near-term quantum devices remains a challenge due to the high levels of noise and the prohibitive depth on standard nearest-neighbour topologies. Overcoming these barriers will likely require…
The constant interplay and information exchange between cells and their micro-environment are essential to their survival and ability to execute biological functions. To date, a few leading technologies such as traction force microscopy,…
This article presents a thorough comparison of themain QPM techniques, focusing on their accuracy in terms of measurement precision and trueness. We focus on 8 techniques, namely digital holographic microscopy (DHM), cross-grating wavefront…