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We introduce a new hypothesis testing-based learning dynamics in which players update their strategies by combining hypothesis testing with utility-driven exploration. In this dynamics, each player forms beliefs about opponents' strategies…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Ruifan Yang , Manxi Wu

This work explores three-player game training dynamics, under what conditions three-player games converge and the equilibria the converge on. In contrast to prior work, we examine a three-player game architecture in which all players…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-16 Kenneth Christofferson , Fernando J. Yanez

In this paper, we propose a passivity-based methodology for analysis and design of reinforcement learning in multi-agent finite games. Starting from a known exponentially-discounted reinforcement learning scheme, we show that convergence to…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-10-30 Bolin Gao , Lacra Pavel

Network games provide a framework to study strategic decision making processes that are governed by structured interdependencies among agents. However, existing models do not account for environments in which agents simultaneously interact…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Raman Ebrahimi , Parinaz Naghizadeh

Computational aspects of solution notions such as Nash equilibrium have been extensively studied, including settings where the ultimate goal is to find an equilibrium that possesses some additional properties. Furthermore, in order to…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Bruce M. Kapron , Koosha Samieefar

This paper addresses the problem of learning an equilibrium efficiently in general-sum Markov games through decentralized multi-agent reinforcement learning. Given the fundamental difficulty of calculating a Nash equilibrium (NE), we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-01 Weichao Mao , Tamer Başar

We study a game between two firms in which each provide a service based on machine learning. The firms are presented with the opportunity to purchase a new corpus of data, which will allow them to potentially improve the quality of their…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-05-24 Jinshuo Dong , Hadi Elzayn , Shahin Jabbari , Michael Kearns , Zachary Schutzman

This paper considers the problem of designing optimal algorithms for reinforcement learning in two-player zero-sum games. We focus on self-play algorithms which learn the optimal policy by playing against itself without any direct…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-15 Yu Bai , Chi Jin , Tiancheng Yu

We introduce the LLM-Nash framework, a game-theoretic model where agents select reasoning prompts to guide decision-making via Large Language Models (LLMs). Unlike classical games that assume utility-maximizing agents with full rationality,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Quanyan Zhu

The standard risk minimization paradigm of machine learning is brittle when operating in environments whose test distributions are different from the training distribution due to spurious correlations. Training on data from many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-20 Kartik Ahuja , Karthikeyan Shanmugam , Kush R. Varshney , Amit Dhurandhar

We introduce a new algorithm for the numerical computation of Nash equilibria of competitive two-player games. Our method is a natural generalization of gradient descent to the two-player setting where the update is given by the Nash…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-07-02 Florian Schäfer , Anima Anandkumar

We use system-theoretic passivity methods to study evolutionary Nash equilibria learning in large populations of agents engaged in strategic, non-cooperative interactions. The agents follow learning rules (rules for short) that capture…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-08-02 Nuno C. Martins , Jair Certório , Matthew S. Hankins

To achieve an optimal outcome in many situations, agents need to choose distinct actions from one another. This is the case notably in many resource allocation problems, where a single resource can only be used by one agent at a time. How…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2014-02-05 Ludek Cigler , Boi Faltings

In multi-agent problems requiring a high degree of cooperation, success often depends on the ability of the agents to adapt to each other's behavior. A natural solution concept in such settings is the Stackelberg equilibrium, in which the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Robert Loftin , Mustafa Mert Çelikok , Herke van Hoof , Samuel Kaski , Frans A. Oliehoek

We propose an adaptive incentive mechanism that learns the optimal incentives in environments where players continuously update their strategies. Our mechanism updates incentives based on each player's externality, defined as the difference…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Chinmay Maheshwari , Kshitij Kulkarni , Manxi Wu , Shankar Sastry

We consider multi-agent decision making, where each agent optimizes its cost function subject to constraints. Agents' actions belong to a compact convex Euclidean space and the agents' cost functions are coupled. We propose a distributed…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-12-01 Tatiana Tatarenko , Maryam Kamgarpour

Regret minimization is a general approach to online optimization which plays a crucial role in many algorithms for approximating Nash equilibria in two-player zero-sum games. The literature mainly focuses on solving individual games in…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-04-29 David Sychrovský , Martin Schmid , Michal Šustr , Michael Bowling

The paper studies the convergence properties of (continuous) best-response dynamics from game theory. Despite their fundamental role in game theory, best-response dynamics are poorly understood in many games of interest due to the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-02-08 Brian Swenson , Ryan Murray , Soummya Kar

We study the asymptotic behavior of deterministic, continuous-time imitation dynamics for population games over networks. The basic assumption of this learning mechanism -- encompassing the replicator dynamics -- is that players belonging…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-23 Giacomo Como , Fabio Fagnani , Lorenzo Zino

Imperfect recall games represent dynamic interactions where players forget previously known information, such as a history of played actions. The importance of imperfect recall games stems from allowing a concise representation of…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2017-05-25 Jiri Cermak , Branislav Bosansky , Michal Pechoucek