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Biologically plausible Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs), characterized by spike sparsity, are growing tremendous attention over intellectual edge devices and critical bio-medical applications as compared to artificial neural networks (ANNs).…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Kwunhang Wong , Songqi Wang , Wei Huang , Xinyuan Zhang , Yangu He , Karl M. H. Lai , Yuzhong Jiao , Ning Lin , Xiaojuan Qi , Xiaoming Chen , Zhongrui Wang

Neuromorphic engineering has emerged as a promising avenue for developing brain-inspired computational systems. However, conventional electronic AI-based processors often encounter challenges related to processing speed and thermal…

Optics · Physics 2025-01-03 Reyhane Ahmadi , Amirreza Ahmadnejad , Somayyeh Koohi

Neuromorphic computing, which exploits Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) on neuromorphic chips, is a promising energy-efficient alternative to traditional AI. CNN-based SNNs are the current mainstream of neuromorphic computing. By contrast, no…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-04-08 Man Yao , Jiakui Hu , Tianxiang Hu , Yifan Xu , Zhaokun Zhou , Yonghong Tian , Bo Xu , Guoqi Li

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) are a promising paradigm for energy-efficient event-driven computation, but large-scale SNN execution remains challenging because sparse spike communication and synchronization can dominate runtime. Existing…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Muhammad Ihsan Al Hafiz , Artur Podobas

We present a new back propagation based training algorithm for discrete-time spiking neural networks (SNN). Inspired by recent deep learning algorithms on binarized neural networks, binary activation with a straight-through gradient…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2017-09-20 Shihui Yin , Shreyas K. Venkataramanaiah , Gregory K. Chen , Ram Krishnamurthy , Yu Cao , Chaitali Chakrabarti , Jae-sun Seo

SNNs are an active research domain towards energy efficient machine intelligence. Compared to conventional ANNs, SNNs use temporal spike data and bio-plausible neuronal activation functions such as Leaky-Integrate Fire/Integrate Fire…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Abhishek Moitra , Abhiroop Bhattacharjee , Runcong Kuang , Gokul Krishnan , Yu Cao , Priyadarshini Panda

Spiking neural networks are neuromorphic systems that emulate certain aspects of biological neurons, offering potential advantages in energy efficiency and speed by for example leveraging sparsity. While CMOS-based electronic SNN hardware…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Ria Talukder , Anas Skalli , Xavier Porte , Simon Thorpe , Daniel Brunner

We propose EdgeSpike, a co-designed spiking neural network (SNN) framework for autonomous low-power sensing in edge Internet of Things (IoT) architectures. EdgeSpike unifies (i) a hybrid surrogate-gradient and direct-encoding training…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Gustav Olaf Yunus Laitinen-Fredriksson Lundstrom-Imanov , Taner Yilmaz

We discuss a high-performance and high-throughput hardware accelerator for probabilistic Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) based on Generalized Linear Model (GLM) neurons, that uses binary STT-RAM devices as synapses and digital CMOS logic for…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-08-06 Anakha V Babu , Osvaldo Simeone , Bipin Rajendran

One of today's main concerns is to bring Artificial Intelligence power to embedded systems for edge applications. The hardware resources and power consumption required by state-of-the-art models are incompatible with the constrained…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Dario Padovano , Alessio Carpegna , Alessandro Savino , Stefano Di Carlo

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) are one of the most promising bio-inspired neural networks models and have drawn increasing attention in recent years. The event-driven communication mechanism of SNNs allows for sparse and theoretically…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Andrea Castagnetti , Alain Pegatoquet , Benoît Miramond

Biologically-inspired Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs), processing information using discrete-time events known as spikes rather than continuous values, have garnered significant attention due to their hardware-friendly and energy-efficient…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Bin Lei , Sheng Lin , Pei-Hung Lin , Chunhua Liao , Caiwen Ding

Neuromorphic hardware platforms implement biological neurons and synapses to execute spiking neural networks (SNNs) in an energy-efficient manner. We present SpiNeMap, a design methodology to map SNNs to crossbar-based neuromorphic…

The inherent dynamics of the neuron membrane potential in Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) allows processing of sequential learning tasks, avoiding the complexity of recurrent neural networks. The highly-sparse spike-based computations in…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-07-09 Amogh Agrawal , Mustafa Ali , Minsuk Koo , Nitin Rathi , Akhilesh Jaiswal , Kaushik Roy

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have emerged as a promising approach to improve the energy efficiency of machine learning models, as they naturally implement event-driven computations while avoiding expensive multiplication operations. In…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Anagha Nimbekar , Prabodh Katti , Chen Li , Bashir M. Al-Hashimi , Amit Acharyya , Bipin Rajendran

Optical neural networks (ONNs) perform extensive computations using photons instead of electrons, resulting in passively energy-efficient and low-latency computing. Among various ONNs, the diffractive optical neural networks (DONNs)…

Spiking Neural Networks (SNN) are more closely related to brain-like computation and inspire hardware implementation. This is enabled by small networks that give high performance on standard classification problems. In literature, typical…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2016-12-08 Anmol Biswas , Sidharth Prasad , Sandip Lashkare , Udayan Ganguly

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) are a promising candidate for biologically-inspired and energy efficient computation. However, their simulation is notoriously time consuming, and may be seen as a bottleneck in developing competitive training…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-09-06 Daniel J. Saunders , Cooper Sigrist , Kenneth Chaney , Robert Kozma , Hava T. Siegelmann

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have recently attracted widespread research interest as an efficient alternative to traditional Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) because of their capability to process sparse and binary spike information and…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Yuhang Li , Abhishek Moitra , Tamar Geller , Priyadarshini Panda

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have emerged as a biologically inspired alternative to conventional deep networks, offering event-driven and energy-efficient computation. However, their throughput remains constrained by the serial update of…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Hongyang Shang , Shuai Dong , Yahan Yang , Junyi Yang , Peng Zhou , Arindam Basu