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We prove the existence of a family of initial data for Einstein equations which represent small deformations of the extreme Kerr black hole initial data. The data in this family have the same asymptotic geometry as extreme Kerr. In…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-03-03 Sergio Dain , María E. Gabach Clément

We solve for single distorted black hole initial data using the puncture method, where the Hamiltonian constraint is written as an elliptic equation in R^3 for the nonsingular part of the metric conformal factor. With this approach we can…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-10 J. David Brown , Lisa L. Lowe

Numerical studies of the dynamics of gravitational systems, e.g., black hole-neutron star systems, require physical and constraint-satisfying initial data. In this article, we present the newly developed pseudo-spectral code Elliptica, an…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-05-25 Alireza Rashti , Francesco Maria Fabbri , Bernd Brügmann , Swami Vivekanandji Chaurasia , Tim Dietrich , Maximiliano Ujevic , Wolfgang Tichy

When using the black hole exclusion (horizon boundary condition) technique, $K$ is usually nonzero and spatially variable, so none of the special cases of York's conformal-decomposition algorithm apply, and the full 4-vector nonlinear York…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-05-12 Jonathan Thornburg

Solving the 4-d Einstein equations as evolution in time requires solving equations of two types: the four elliptic initial data (constraint) equations, followed by the six second order evolution equations. Analytically the constraint…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-25 Matthew Anderson , Richard A. Matzner

Traditional black-hole binary puncture initial data is conformally flat. This unphysical assumption is coupled with a lack of radiation signature from the binary's past life. As a result, waveforms extracted from evolutions of this data…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-03-17 Bruno C. Mundim , Bernard J. Kelly , Yosef Zlochower , Hiroyuki Nakano , Manuela Campanelli

When numerically solving Einstein's equations for binary black holes (BBH), we must find initial data on a three-dimensional spatial slice by solving constraint equations. The construction of initial data is a multi-step process, in which…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-12-19 Iago B. Mendes , Nils L. Vu , Oliver Long , Harald P. Pfeiffer , Robert Owen

We give a simple construction of smooth, asymptotically flat vacuum initial data modeling a relativistic collapsing $N$--body system, with independently prescribed ADM energy, linear momentum, and angular momentum for each component,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-01-06 Dawei Shen , Jingbo Wan

In numerical evolutions of binary black holes (BBH) it is desirable to easily control the orbital eccentricity of the BBH, and the number of orbits completed by the binary through merger. This paper presents fitting formulae that allow to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-10-11 Abdul H. Mroué , Harald P. Pfeiffer

Motivated by a geometric understanding of the angular velocity of a Kerr black hole in terms of a quasi-conformal map that describes a 2d Beltrami fluid flow, a new way to construct initial data sets for binary rotating black holes by…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-11-13 Shuanglin Huang , Xuefeng Feng , Yun-Kau Lau

It was shown recently that the constraints on the initial data for Einstein's equations may be posed as an evolutionary problem [9]. In one of the proposed two methods the constraints can be replaced by a first order symmetrizable…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-02-09 István Rácz , Jeffrey Winicour

Using a constrained formalism for Einstein equations in Dirac gauge, we propose to compute excised quasistationary initial data for black hole spacetimes in full general relativity. Vacuum spacetime settings are numerically constructed by…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-04-03 Nicolas Vasset , Jérôme Novak , José Luis Jaramillo

Initial data for the spherically symmetric Einstein-Vlasov system is constructed whose past evolution is regular and whose future evolution contains a black hole. This is the first example of initial data with these properties for the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-03 Håkan Andréasson

We extend the restricted phase space formalism for spherically symmetric black hole solutions of Einstein-Maxwell theory to the quasi-local regime, with the static observers located at a finite radial distance. The first law and Euler…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-05-11 Bai-Hao Huang , Liu Zhao

We build equilibrium solutions of magnetised thick discs around a highly spinning Kerr black hole and evolve these initial data up to a final time of about 100 orbital periods. The numerical simulations reported in this paper solve the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-01-28 Alejandro Cruz-Osorio , Sergio Gimeno-Soler , José A. Font

Initial data for evolving black-hole binaries can be constructed via many techniques, and can represent a wide range of physical scenarios. However, because of the way that different schemes parameterize the physical aspects of a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Jason D. Grigsby , Gregory B. Cook

We consider the spherically symmetric, asymptotically flat Einstein-Vlasov system. We find explicit conditions on the initial data, with ADM mass M, such that the resulting spacetime has the following properties: there is a family of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-01-24 Hakan Andreasson , Markus Kunze , Gerhard Rein

We revisit the construction of puncture black hole initial data in the conformal thin-sandwich decomposition of Einstein's constraint equations. It has been shown previously that this approach cannot yield quasiequilibrium wormhole data,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-30 Thomas W. Baumgarte

A complete formalism for constructing initial data representing black-hole binaries in quasi-equilibrium is developed. Radiation reaction prohibits, in general, true equilibrium binary configurations. However, when the timescale for orbital…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-07 Gregory B. Cook

This work is part of an ongoing research programme to study possible Primordial Black Hole (PBH) formation during the radiation dominated era of the early universe. Working within spherical symmetry, we specify an initial configuration in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Alexander G. Polnarev , Ilia Musco , .