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We present a deep learning strategy that enables, for the first time, contrast-agnostic semantic segmentation of completely unpreprocessed brain MRI scans, without requiring additional training or fine-tuning for new modalities. Classical…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-09 Benjamin Billot , Douglas Greve , Koen Van Leemput , Bruce Fischl , Juan Eugenio Iglesias , Adrian V. Dalca

In the rapidly evolving landscape of medical imaging diagnostics, achieving high accuracy while preserving computational efficiency remains a formidable challenge. This work presents \texttt{DeepMediX}, a groundbreaking, resource-efficient…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Kishore Babu Nampalle , Pradeep Singh , Uppala Vivek Narayan , Balasubramanian Raman

Generative models can produce synthetic patient records for analytical tasks when real data is unavailable or limited. However, current methods struggle with adhering to domain-specific knowledge and removing invalid data. We present…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-22 Brandon Theodorou , Shrusti Jain , Cao Xiao , Jimeng Sun

In the medical field, the limited availability of large-scale datasets and labor-intensive annotation processes hinder the performance of deep models. Diffusion-based generative augmentation approaches present a promising solution to this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Xinrui Zhou , Yuhao Huang , Haoran Dou , Shijing Chen , Ao Chang , Jia Liu , Weiran Long , Jian Zheng , Erjiao Xu , Jie Ren , Alejandro F. Frangi , Ruobing Huang , Jun Cheng , Xiaomeng Li , Wufeng Xue , Dong Ni

Objective. Standard Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) reconstruction pipelines discard phase information captured during acquisition, despite evidence that it encodes tissue properties relevant to tumor diagnosis. Current machine learning…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-17 Marco Schlimbach , Moritz Rempe , Jessica Mnischek , Lukas T. Rotkopf , Jens Weingarten , Jens Kleesiek , Kevin Kröninger

Sequential recommendation plays a critical role in modern online platforms such as e-commerce, advertising, and content streaming, where accurately predicting users' next interactions is essential for personalization. Recent…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Haofeng Huang , Ling Gai

Processing temporal sequences is central to a variety of applications in health care, and in particular multi-channel Electrocardiogram (ECG) is a highly prevalent diagnostic modality that relies on robust sequence modeling. While Recurrent…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-07-17 Deepta Rajan , Jayaraman J. Thiagarajan

Synthetic generation of three-dimensional cell models from histopathological images aims to enhance understanding of cell mutation, and progression of cancer, necessary for clinical assessment and optimal treatment. Classical reconstruction…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-09 Yoav Alon , Xiang Yu , Huiyu Zhou

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is indispensable for diagnosing and planning treatment in various medical conditions due to its ability to produce multi-series images that reveal different tissue characteristics. However, integrating these…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-11 Churan Wang , Fei Gao , Lijun Yan , Siwen Wang , Yizhou Yu , Yizhou Wang

Data diversity is critical to success when training deep learning models. Medical imaging data sets are often imbalanced as pathologic findings are generally rare, which introduces significant challenges when training deep learning models.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-09-17 Hoo-Chang Shin , Neil A Tenenholtz , Jameson K Rogers , Christopher G Schwarz , Matthew L Senjem , Jeffrey L Gunter , Katherine Andriole , Mark Michalski

Training medical image segmentation models for rare yet clinically important imaging modalities is challenging due to the scarcity of annotated data, and manual mask annotations can be costly and labor-intensive to acquire. This paper…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Haoning Wu , Ziheng Zhao , Ya Zhang , Yanfeng Wang , Weidi Xie

Data of sequential nature arise in many application domains in forms of, e.g. textual data, DNA sequences, and software execution traces. Different research disciplines have developed methods to learn sequence models from such datasets: (i)…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-11-02 Niek Tax , Irene Teinemaa , Sebastiaan J. van Zelst

The use of deep learning models in computational biology has increased massively in recent years, and it is expected to continue with the current advances in the fields such as Natural Language Processing. These models, although able to…

Synthetic data generation is an important application of machine learning in the field of medical imaging. While existing approaches have successfully applied fine-tuned diffusion models for synthesizing medical images, we explore potential…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Lakshmi Nair

Recent advances in deep learning and on-device inference could transform routine screening for skin cancers. Along with the anticipated benefits of this technology, potential dangers arise from unforeseen and inherent biases. A significant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Ko Watanabe , Stanislav Frolov , Aya Hassan , David Dembinsky , Adriano Lucieri , Andreas Dengel

Despite the increasing use of deep learning in medical image segmentation, the limited availability of annotated training data remains a major challenge due to the time-consuming data acquisition and privacy regulations. In the context of…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-11 Aghiles Kebaili , Jérôme Lapuyade-Lahorgue , Pierre Vera , Su Ruan

Neural state-of-the-art sequence-to-sequence (seq2seq) models often do not perform well for small training sets. We address paradigm completion, the morphological task of, given a partial paradigm, generating all missing forms. We propose…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-05-10 Katharina Kann , Hinrich Schütze

Recently, automated medical image segmentation methods based on deep learning have achieved great success. However, they heavily rely on large annotated datasets, which are costly and time-consuming to acquire. Few-shot learning aims to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Jiayu Huo , Ruiqiang Xiao , Haotian Zheng , Yang Liu , Sebastien Ourselin , Rachel Sparks

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is being increasingly utilized to assess, diagnose, and plan treatment for a variety of diseases. The ability to visualize tissue in varied contrasts in the form of MR pulse sequences in a single scan…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-10-03 Anmol Sharma , Ghassan Hamarneh

3D image segmentation plays an important role in biomedical image analysis. Many 2D and 3D deep learning models have achieved state-of-the-art segmentation performance on 3D biomedical image datasets. Yet, 2D and 3D models have their own…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-12-11 Hao Zheng , Yizhe Zhang , Lin Yang , Peixian Liang , Zhuo Zhao , Chaoli Wang , Danny Z. Chen