Related papers: Comparable binary relations and the amalgamation p…

In this paper we develope a categorical theory of relations and use this formulation to define the notion of quantization for relations. Categories of relations are defined in the context of symmetric monoidal categories. They are shown to…

In many real-life situations that involve exchanges of arguments, individuals may differ on their assessment of which supports between the arguments are in fact justified, i.e., they put forward different support-relations. When confronted…

We initiate the study of a quantitative measure for the failure of a binary operation to be commutative and associative. We call this measure the associative-commutative spectrum as it extends the so-called associative spectrum (also known…

In general terms, we establish algebraic relations that numbers must satisfy in order for their images to match after one or several transformations. Some groups associated with these relationships are identified, such as the Klein group.…

It is well known that if a function from set A to set B has a right inverse then the function is a surjection and the right inverse is an injection. For finite sets, the number of functions, injections, and surjections can also be counted.…

Classical Ramsey theory has successfully extended to relational structures, yielding a wealth of results that have profoundly influenced other areas of mathematics. Interestingly, the same development has not occurred in the case of dual…

It is shown that a graph parameter can be realized as the number of homomorphisms into a fixed (weighted) graph if and only if it satisfies two linear algebraic conditions: reflection positivity and exponential rank-connectivity. In terms…

Let R be a locally finitely generated algebra over a discrete valuation ring V of mixed characteristic. For any of the homological properties, the Direct Summand Theorem, the Monomial Theorem, the Improved New Intersection Theorem, the…

In this work, the commutator of any two reasonable functions of several pairs of canonical conjugate operators is obtained as a sum of terms of partial derivatives of those functions (equations 9, 10 or 11). When applied to quantum…

The biduality and reflexivity theorems are known to hold for projective varieties defined over fields of characteristic zero, and to fail in positive characteristic. In this article, we construct a notion of reflexivity and biduality in…

Racks and quandles are algebraic structures with a single binary operation that is right self-distributive and right invertible, and additionally idempotent in the case of quandles. The invertibility condition is equivalent to the existence…

Particles made of two fermions can in many cases be treated as elementary bosons, but the conditions for this treatment to be valid are nontrivial. The so-called "coboson formalism" is a powerful tool to tackle compositeness effects…

Basic definitions and properties of nearly associative algebras are described. Nearly associative algebras are proved to be Lie-admissible algebras. Two-dimensional nearly associative algebras are classified, and its main classes are…

Binary idempotent semirings govern classical path algebras. Their multiplicative structure is dyadic. We examine whether this restriction is structural or accidental. We define ternary idempotent $\Gamma$-semirings as higher-arity ordered…

In two-dimensional conformal field theory, we analyze conformally invariant boundary conditions which break part of the bulk symmetries. When the subalgebra that is preserved by the boundary conditions is the fixed algebra under the action…

Taking matrix as a synonym for a numerical function on the Cartesian product of two (in general, infinite) sets, a simple purely algebraic "reciprocity property" says that the set of rows spans a finite-dim space iff the set of columns does…

A relation extends another relation consistently if its symmetric, respectively its asymmetric, part contains the corresponding part of the smaller relation. It is shown that there exists no finite circular chain made from two transitive…

Literature involving preferences of artificial agents or human beings often assume their preferences can be represented using a complete transitive binary relation. Much has been written however on different models of preferences. We review…

We develop infinite-dimensional Ramsey theory for Fra\"iss\'e limits of finitely constrained free amalgamation classes in finite binary languages. We show that our approach is optimal and in particular, recovers the exact big Ramsey degrees…

Many-body states whose wave-function admits a representation in terms of a uniform binary-tree tensor decomposition are shown to obey to power-law two-body correlations functions. Any such state can be associated with the ground state of a…