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Related papers: Counting Parking Sequences and Parking Assortments…

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We introduce the class of bilateral parking procedures on the integer line. While cars try to park in the nearest available spot to their right in the classical case, we consider more general parking rules that allow cars to use the nearest…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-20 Philippe Nadeau

Models of parking in which cars are placed randomly and then move according to a deterministic rule have been studied since the work of Konheim and Weiss in the 1960s. Recently, Damron, Gravner, Junge, Lyu, and Sivakoff introduced a model…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-08-19 Michał Przykucki , Alexander Roberts , Alex Scott

Sequential modelling entails making sense of sequential data, which naturally occurs in a wide array of domains. One example is systems that interact with users, log user actions and behaviour, and make recommendations of items of potential…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-09-15 Christian Hansen

An \emph{$(r,k)$-parking function} of length $n$ may be defined as a sequence $(a_1,\dots,a_n)$ of positive integers whose increasing rearrangement $b_1\leq\cdots\leq b_n$ satisfies $b_i\leq k+(i-1)r$. The case $r=k=1$ corresponds to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-05-18 Richard Stanley , Yinghui Wang

Recently, the authors extended the notion of parking functions to parking sequences, which include cars of different sizes, and proved a product formula for the number of such sequences. We here give a refinement of that result involving…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-09-06 Richard Ehrenborg , Alex Happ

Parking functions were classically defined for $n$ cars attempting to park on a one-way street with $n$ parking spots, where cars only drive forward. Subsequently, parking functions have been generalized in various ways, including allowing…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-07-08 Roger Tian

Recall that $\alpha=(a_1,a_2,\ldots,a_n)\in[n]^n$ is a parking function if its nondecreasing rearrangement $\beta=(b_1,b_2,\ldots,b_n)$ satisfies $b_i\leq i$ for all $1\leq i\leq n$. In this article, we study parking functions based on…

This work builds on the notion of record of rooted trees. We provide an alternative definition of parking functions, derive from it a record-preserving bijection between rooted trees and parking functions, and establish a join…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-31 Adrián Lillo , Mercedes Rosas , Stefan Trandafir

We continue the study of parking assortments, a generalization of parking functions introduced by Chen, Harris, Mart\'{i}nez, Pab\'{o}n-Cancel, and Sargent. Given $n$ cars of lengths $\mathbf{y}=(y_1,y_2,\dots,y_n) \in \mathbb{N}^n$, we…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-11-28 Douglas M. Chen

We consider two variations of the discrete car parking problem where at every vertex of the integers a car arrives with rate one, now allowing for parking in two lines. a) The car parks in the first line whenever the vertex and all of its…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 S. R. Fleurke , C. Kuelske

In a scenario of growing usage of park-and-ride facilities, understanding and predicting car park occupancy is becoming increasingly important. This study presents a model that effectively captures the occupancy patterns of park-and-ride…

Applications · Statistics 2025-10-14 Andreas Kaltenbrunner , Josep Ferrer , David Moreno , Vicenç Gómez

Sequences have become first class citizens in supervised learning thanks to the resurgence of recurrent neural networks. Many complex tasks that require mapping from or to a sequence of observations can now be formulated with the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-02-25 Oriol Vinyals , Samy Bengio , Manjunath Kudlur

We study the space requirements of a sorting algorithm where only items that at the end will be adjacent are kept together. This is equivalent to the following combinatorial problem: Consider a string of fixed length n that starts as a…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Svante Janson

In this article, we establish new results on the probabilistic parking model (introduced by Durm\'ic, Han, Harris, Ribeiro, and Yin) with $m$ cars and $n$ parking spots and probability parameter $p\in[0,1]$. For any $ m \leq n$ and $p \in…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-02-04 Pamela E. Harris , Rodrigo Ribeiro , Mei Yin

Parking plays a central role in transport policies and has wide-ranging consequences: While the average time spent searching for parking exceeds dozens of hours per driver every year in many Western cities, the associated cruising traffic…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-01-09 Nilankur Dutta , Thibault Charlottin , Alexandre Nicolas

The conceptions of $G$-parking functions and $G$-multiparking functions were introduced in [15] and [12] respectively. In this paper, let $G$ be a connected graph with vertex set $\{1,2,...,n\}$ and $m\in V(G)$. We give the definition of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2008-10-23 Hungyung Chang , Po-Yi Huang , Jun Ma , Yeong-Nan Yeh

We show that the number of parking functions of length $n$ with zero secondary dinv is equal to the number of ordered cycle decompositions of permutations of $[n]$.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-09-09 Susanna Fishel , Luis Pena

We consider the notion of classical parking functions by introducing randomness and a new parking protocol, as inspired by the work presented in the paper ``Parking Functions: Choose your own adventure,'' (arXiv:2001.04817) by Carlson,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-11-02 Irfan Durmić , Alex Han , Pamela E. Harris , Rodrigo Ribeiro , Mei Yin

In the classical parking problem, unit intervals ("car lengths") are placed uniformly at random without overlapping. The process terminates at saturation, i.e. until no more unit intervals can be stowed. In this paper, we present a…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-12-28 Pavel B. Dubovski , Michael Tamarov

We investigate simple strategies that embody the decisions that one faces when trying to park near a popular destination. Should one park far from the target (destination), where finding a spot is easy, but then be faced with a long walk,…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-02-25 P. L. Krapivsky , S. Redner