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BL Lacertae is not only archetypical of an entire class of jet-dominated active galactic nuclei, blazars, but also one of the most active and rapidly changing objects in this class. In the fall of 2024 (September--November), BL Lacertae…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-11-11 Rumen Bachev , Milen Minev , Anton Strigachev , Alexander Kurtenkov

Active galactic nuclei (AGN) are some of the brightest and most variable objects in the Universe. Those with relativistic jets observed at small viewing angles are blazars. Due to Doppler boosting, blazars exhibit extreme stochastic…

High-redshift blazars are one of the most powerful monsters in the universe and $\gamma$-ray variability carries crucial information of their relativistic jets. In this work we present results of the first systematical temporal analysis of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-02-14 Shang Li , Zi-Qing Xia , Yun-Feng Liang , Neng-Hui Liao , Yi-Zhong Fan

To search for optical variability on a wide range of timescales, we have carried out photometric monitoring of 3C 454.3, 3C 279 and S5 0716+714. CCD magnitudes in B, V, R and I pass-bands were determined for $\sim$ 7000 new optical…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-12-20 A. Agarwal , A. C. Gupta

A prominent outburst of the flat spectrum radio quasar 3C~454.3 was observed in 2014 June with the \emph{Fermi} Large Area Telescope. This outburst was characterized by a three-stage light-curve pattern---plateau, flare and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-12-23 Richard J. G. Britto , Eugenio Bottacini , Benoît Lott , Soebur Razzaque , Sara Buson

We present results of a microvariability polarization study in the violently variable quasar 3C279. We have resolved the polarization curves in the V band for this object down to timescales of minutes. We found two main components in the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 I. Andruchow , S. A. Cellone , G. E. Romero , T. P. Dominici , Z. Abraham

Context. 3C 454.3 is a very active flat spectrum radio quasar (blazar) that has undergone a recent outburst in all observed bands, including the optical. Aims. In this work we explore the short-term optical variability of 3C 454.3 during…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-27 R. Bachev , E. Semkov , A. Strigachev , B. Mihov , A. C. Gupta , S. Peneva , E. Ovcharov , A. Valcheva , A. Lalova

Extremely high-peaked BL Lac objects - also named extreme blazars - are among the most energetic and persistent extragalactic accelerators in the Universe, defined by a synchrotron emission peaking above $10^{17}$ Hz in X-rays. Such…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-05-06 K. Abe , S. Abe , J. Abhir , A. Abhishek , V. A. Acciari , F. Acero , A. Aguasca-Cabot , I. Agudo , C. Alispach , D. Ambrosino , F. Ambrosino , T. Aniello , S. Ansoldi , L. A. Antonelli , C. Aramo , A. Arbet-Engels , C. Arcaro , T. T. H. Arnesen , P. Aubert , A. Babić , C. Bakshi , A. Baktash , M. Balbo , A. Bamba , A. Baquero Larriva , U. Barres de Almeida , J. A. Barrio , L. Barrios Jiménez , I. Batkovic , J. Baxter , J. Becerra González , W. Bednarek , E. Bernardini , J. Bernete , A. Berti , C. Bigongiari , A. Biland , E. Bissaldi , O. Blanch , G. Bonnoli , P. Bordas , Ž. Bošnjak , A. Briscioli , E. Bronzini , G. Brunelli , J. Buces , A. Bulgarelli , I. Burelli , L. Burmistrov , A. Campoy-Ordaz , M. Cardillo , S. Caroff , A. Carosi , R. Carosi , R. Carraro , M. Carretero-Castrillo , F. Cassol , A. J. Castro-Tirado , D. Cerasole , G. Ceribella , A. Cerviño Cortínez , Y. Chai , G. Chon , L. Chytka , G. M. Cicciari , A. Cifuentes Santos , J. L. Contreras , J. Cortina , S. Covino , H. Costantini , M. Croisonnier , M. Dalchenko , G. D'Amico , P. Da Vela , F. Dazzi , A. De Angelis , M. de Bony de Lavergne , R. Del Burgo , M. Delfino , C. Delgado , J. Delgado Mengual , D. della Volpe , B. De Lotto , L. Del Peral , R. de Menezes , G. De Palma , V. de Souza , C. Díaz , L. Di Bella , A. Di Piano , F. Di Pierro , R. Di Tria , L. Di Venere , A. Dinesh , D. Dominis Prester , A. Donini , D. Dorner , M. Doro , L. Eisenberger , D. Elsässer , G. Emery , L. Feligioni , J. Escudero , L. Fariña , F. Ferrarotto , A. Fiasson , L. Foffano , L. Font , F. Frías García-Lago , S. Fröse , Y. Fukazawa , S. Gallozzi , R. Garcia López , S. Garcia Soto , C. Gasbarra , D. Gasparrini , S. Gasparyan , M. Gaug , J. Giesbrecht Paiva , N. Giglietto , F. Giordano , P. Gliwny , N. Godinovic , T. Gradetzke , R. Grau , J. Green , G. Grolleron , S. Gunji , P. Günther , J. Hackfeld , D. Hadasch , A. Hahn , G. Harutyunyan , M. Hashizume , T. Hassan , K. Hayashi , L. Heckmann , M. Heller , J. Herrera Llorente , N. Hiroshima , D. Hoffmann , D. Horns , J. Houles , D. Hrupec , R. Imazawa , T. Inada , S. Inoue , K. Ioka , M. Iori , D. Israyelyan , T. Itokawa , A. Iuliano , J. Jahanvi , I. Jimenez Martinez , J. Jimenez Quiles , I. Jorge Rodrigo , J. Jormanainen , J. Jurysek , M. Kagaya , S. Kankkunen , V. Karas , H. Katagiri , T. Kayanoki , D. Kerszberg , T. Kiyomoto , G. W. Kluge , Y. Kobayashi , K. Kohri , J. Konrad , P. Kornecki , P. M. Kouch , G. Koziol , H. Kubo , J. Kushida , B. Lacave , M. Lainez , A. Lamastra , L. Lemoigne , E. Lindfors , M. Linhoff , S. Lombardi , F. Longo , R. López-Coto , M. López-Moya , A. López-Oramas , S. Loporchio , J. Lozano Bahilo , F. Lucarelli , H. Luciani , L. Lulić , P. L. Luque-Escamilla , E. Lyard , P. Majumdar , M. Makariev , M. Mallamaci , D. Mandat , G. Maneva , M. Manganaro , S. Mangano , K. Mannheim , S. Marchesi , F. Marini , M. Mariotti , P. Marquez , G. Marsella , J. Martí , D. Martin , O. Martinez , G. Martínez , M. Martínez , M. Massa , P. Maruševec , D. Mazin , S. Menchiari , J. Méndez-Gallego , S. Menon , E. Mestre Guillen , D. Miceli , T. Miener , J. M. Miranda , R. Mirzoyan , M. Molero Gonzalez , E. Molina , H. A. Mondal , T. Montaruli , A. Moralejo , A. Morselli , V. Moya , A. L. Müller , H. Muraishi , S. Nagataki , T. Nakamori , C. Nanci , A. Negro , A. Neronov , V. Neustroev , D. Nieto Castaño , M. Nievas Rosillo , C. Nigro , L. Nikolic , K. Noda , V. Novotny , S. Nozaki , M. Ohishi , A. Okumura , R. Orito , L. Orsini , J. Otero-Santos , P. Ottanelli , S. Paiano , M. Palatiello , G. Panebianco , D. Paneque , R. Paoletti , J. M. Paredes , M. Pech , M. Pecimotika , M. Peresano , F. Perrotta , M. Persic , F. Pfeifle , M. Pihet , G. Pirola , C. Plard , F. Podobnik , M. Polo , C. Pozo-Gonzaléz , P. G. Prada Moroni , E. Prandini , S. Rainò , R. Rando , W. Rhode , M. Ribó , J. Rico , G. Rodriguez Fer dez , M. D. Rodríguez Frías , A. Roy , A. Ruina , E. Ruiz-Velasco , N. Sahakyan , T. Saito , S. Sakurai , D. A. Sanchez , H. Sano , E. Santos Moura , T. Šarić , Y. Sato , F. G. Saturni , V. Savchenko , F. Schiavone , K. Schmitz , F. Schmuckermaier , F. Schussler , T. Schweizer , M. Seglar Arroyo , A. Sciaccaluga , G. Silvestri , A. Simongini , J. Sitarek , V. Sliusar , I. Sofia , D. Sobczynska , A. Stamerra , J. Strišković , D. Strom , M. Strzys , Y. Suda , A. Sunny , H. Tajima , M. Takahashi , R. Takeishi , S. J. Tanaka , D. Tateishi , T. Tavernier , P. Temnikov , Y. Terada , K. Terauchi , T. Terzic , M. Teshima , M. Tluczykont , T. Tomura , D. F. Torres , F. Tramonti , P. Travnicek , G. Tripodo , A. Tutone , S. Ubach , M. Vacula , M. Vázquez Acosta , S. Ventura , G. Verna , I. Viale , A. Viana , A. Vigliano , C. F. Vigorito , E. Visentin , V. Vitale , G. Voutsinas , I. Vovk , T. Vuillaume , R. Walter , C. Walther , F. Wersig , M. Will , T. Yamamoto , R. Yamazaki , Y. Yao , P. K. H. Yeung , T. Yoshida , T. Yoshikoshi , W. Zhang , N. Zywucka , F. D'Ammando , D. Linder , F. Wierda

The source CGRaBS~J0211$+$1051 (MG1 J021114+1051, z=0.20) flared up on 2011 January 23 in high-energy $\gamma$-rays as reported by {\it Fermi}/LAT. This event was followed by the increased activity at the UV, optical and radio frequencies…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-22 Sunil Chandra , Kiran S Baliyan , Shashikiran Ganesh , Luigi Foschini

In this work, we present the results of our multi-band microvariability study of the famous blazar BL Lac. We performed microvariablity observations of the source in the optical VRI bands for 4 nights in the year 2016. We studied the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-11-27 Gopal Bhatta , James R. Webb

This work present the results of a multi-epoch observational study of the blazar S5\,1803+784, carried out from 2019 to 2023. The analysis is based on simultaneous data obtained from the Swift/UVOT/XRT, ASAS-SN, and Fermi-LAT instruments. A…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-03-27 Javaid Tantry , Ajay Sharma , Zahir Shah , Naseer Iqbal , Debanjan Bose

Highly luminous rapid flares are characteristic of processes around compact objects like white dwarfs, neutron stars or black holes. In the high energy regime of X- and gamma-rays, outbursts with variability time-scales of seconds and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-07-09 A. Stefanescu , G. Kanbach , A. Słowikowska , J. Greiner , S. McBreen , G. Sala

The origin of the multi-band activities (outbursts/flares) of blazars is still a heavily debated topic. Shock and magnetic reconnection have long been considered as possible triggers for the multi-band activities. In this paper, we present…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-09-04 N. Ding , Q. S. Gu , X. F. Geng , Ding-Rong Xiong , R. Xue , X. Y. Wang , X. T. Guo

Blazars are a class of active galactic nuclei which host relativistic jets oriented close to the observer's line of sight. Blazars have very complex variability properties. Flares, namely flux variations around the mean value with a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-01-19 Ze-Rui Wang , Ruo-Yu Liu , Maria Petropoulou , Foteini Oikonomou , Rui Xue , Xiang-Yu Wang

The gamma-ray-detected blazar 3C 454.3 exhibits dramatic flux and polarization variations in the optical and near-infrared bands. In December 2010, the object emitted a very bright outburst. We monitored it for approximately four years…

We present simultaneous dual-frequency radio observations of Cygnus X-3 during a phase of low-level activity. We constrain the minimum variability timescale to be 20 minutes at 43 GHz and 30 minutes at 15 GHz, implying source sizes of 2 to…

We present a comprehensive timing analysis on the Be/X-ray binary pulsar RX J0440.9+4431 using observations from \textit{NICER} and \textit{Insight}-HXMT during the 2022--2023 outburst. The power density spectrum (PDS) of RX J0440.9+4431…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-02-23 P. P. Li , L. Tao , R. C. Ma , M. Y. Ge , Q. C. Zhao , S. J. Zhao , L. Zhang , Q. C. Bu , L. D. Kong , Y. L. Tuo , L. Ji , S. Zhang , J. L. Qu , S. N. Zhang , Y. Huang , X. Ma , W. T. Ye , Q. C. Shui

We analyzed 19 years of $R$-band data of the blazar 3C 454.3 from the Whole Earth Blazar Telescope (WEBT) archive, along with new data from its members and from public archives such as those provided by the Small and Moderate Aperture…

Using blazar light curves from the optical All-Sky Automated Survey for Supernovae (ASAS-SN) and the $\gamma$-ray \textit{Fermi}-LAT telescope, we performed the most extensive statistical correlation study between both bands, using a sample…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-01-18 T. de Jaeger , B. J. Shappee , C. S. Kochanek , J. T. Hinkle , S. Garrappa , I. Liodakis , A. Franckowiak , K. Z. Stanek , J. F. Beacom , J. L. Prieto

Based on the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF), we selected 10 blazars as our sample sources. Among these, we found four blazars (J 0923.5+4125, J 1221.3+3010, J 1503.5+4759, and J 1652.7+4024) showing possible indications of quasi periodic…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-12-02 Na Wang , Guowei Ren , Shun Zhang , Tingfeng Yi , Tong Liu , Mouyuan Sun