Related papers: Bounding the Largest Inhomogeneous Approximation C…

For an irrational real $\alpha$ and $\gamma\not \in \mathbb Z + \mathbb Z\alpha$ it is well known that $$ \liminf_{|n|\rightarrow \infty} |n| ||n\alpha -\gamma || \leq \frac{1}{4}. $$ If the partial quotients, $a_i,$ in the negative…

We give lower bounds on the case of worst inhomogeneous approximation.

Given $n\in N$ and $x,\gamma\in R$, let \begin{equation*} ||\gamma-nx||^\prime=\min\{|\gamma-nx+m|:m\in Z, \gcd (n,m)=1\}, \end{equation*} %where $(n,m)$ is the largest common divisor of $n$ and $m$. Two conjectures in the coprime…

The Lagrange and Markov spectra $L$ and $M$ describe the best constants of Diophantine approximations for irrational numbers and binary quadratic forms. In 1880, A. Markov showed that the initial portions of these spectra coincide: indeed,…

The best bounds of the form $B(\alpha,\beta,\gamma,x)=(\alpha+\sqrt{\beta^2+\gamma^2 x^2})/x$ for ratios of modified Bessel functions are characterized: if $\alpha$, $\beta$ and $\gamma$ are chosen in such a way that…

Let $a\in (0, \infty)$, $\gamma(a)$ be the Generalized Euler-Mascheroni Constant, and let \begin{align*} &x_n=\frac1a+\frac{1}{a+1}+\cdots+\frac{1}{a+n-1}-\ln\frac{a+n}{a},\\…

In this work, we obtain an existence of nontrivial solutions to a minimization problem involving a fractional Hardy-Sobolev type inequality in the case of inner singularity. Precisely, for $\lambda>0$ we analyze the attainability of the…

Robin's Inequality posits $G(n)<e^{\gamma}$ for $n>5040$. Robin also showed that if the Riemann Hypothesis (RH) is false, then $G(n)>e^{\gamma}\left(1+\displaystyle\frac{c}{(\log n)^{b}}\right)$ for infinitely many values of $n$. By…

We call a positive real number $\lambda$ admissible if it belongs to the Lagrange spectrum and there exists an irrational number $\alpha$ such that $\mu(\alpha)=\lambda$. Here $\mu(\alpha)$ denotes the Lagrange constant of $\alpha$ -…

Let $\alpha$ be an irrational real number. We show that the set of $\epsilon$-badly approximable numbers \[ \mathrm{Bad}^\varepsilon (\alpha) := \{x\in [0,1]\, : \, \liminf_{|q| \to \infty} |q| \cdot \| q\alpha -x \| \geq \varepsilon \} \]…

We consider the problem of attainability of the best constant in the following critical fractional Hardy-Sobolev inequality: \begin{equation*} \mu_{\gamma,s}(\R^n):= \inf\limits_{u \in H^{\frac{\alpha}{2}} (\R^n)\setminus \{0\}} \frac{…

We show that the inhomogenous approximation spectrum, associated to an irrational number \alpha\ always has a Hall's Ray; that is, there is an \epsilon>0 such that [0,\epsilon) is a subset of the spectrum. In the case when \alpha\ has…

In 1958, Sz\"{u}sz proved an inhomogeneous version of Khintchine's theorem on Diophantine approximation. Sz\"{u}sz's theorem states that for any non-increasing approximation function $\psi:\mathbb{N}\to (0,1/2)$ with $\sum_q \psi(q)=\infty$…

For a given irrational number $\alpha$ one can define an irrationality measure function $\psi_{\alpha}^{[2]}(t) = \min\limits_{\substack{(q, p)\colon q, p \in\mathbb{Z}, 1\leqslant q\leqslant t, \\ (p, q) \neq (p_n, q_n) ~\forall…

A strong error estimate for the uniform rational approximation of $x^\alpha$ on $[0,1]$ is given, and its proof is sketched. Let $E_{nn}(x^\alpha,[0,1])$ denote the minimal approximation error in the uniform norm. Then it is shown that…

In the paper, we first survey some results on inequalities for bounding harmonic numbers or Euler-Mascheroni constant, and then we establish a new sharp double inequality for bounding harmonic numbers as follows: For $n\in\mathbb{N}$, the…

We prove that any extended formulation that approximates the matching polytope on $n$-vertex graphs up to a factor of $(1+\varepsilon)$ for any $\frac2n \le \varepsilon \le 1$ must have at least $\binom{n}{{\alpha}/{\varepsilon}}$ defining…

For every irrational real $\alpha$, let $M(\alpha) = \sup_{n\geq 1} a_n(\alpha)$ denote the largest partial quotient in its continued fraction expansion (or $\infty$, if unbounded). The $2$-adic Littlewood conjecture (2LC) can be stated as…

Let $E_i(H)$ denote the negative eigenvalues of the one-dimensional Schr\"odinger operator $Hu:=-u^{\prime\prime}-Vu,\ V\geq 0,$ on $L_2({\Bbb R})$. We prove the inequality \sum_i|E_i(H)|^\gamma\leq L_{\gamma,1}\int_{\Bbb R}…

Lower and upper bounds $B_a(x)$ on the incomplete gamma function $\Gamma(a,x)$ are given for all real $a$ and all real $x>0$. These bounds $B_a(x)$ are exact in the sense that $B_a(x)\underset{x\downarrow0}\sim\Gamma(a,x)$ and…