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We conjecture a formula for the refined $\mathrm{SU}(3)$ Vafa-Witten invariants of any smooth surface $S$ satisfying $H_1(S,\mathbb{Z}) = 0$ and $p_g(S)>0$. The unrefined formula corrects a proposal by Labastida-Lozano and involves…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2025-04-09 Lothar Göttsche , Martijn Kool

We obtain explicit formulas for the Neumann coefficients and associated quantities that appear in the three-string vertex for type IIB string theory in a plane-wave background, for any value of the mass parameter mu. The derivation involves…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-11-07 Yang-Hui He , John H. Schwarz , Marcus Spradlin , Anastasia Volovich

We study the probabilistic behavior of sums of Fourier coefficients in arithmetic progressions. We prove a result analogous to previous work of Fouvry-Ganguly-Kowalski-Michel and Kowalski-Ricotta in the context of half-integral weight…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-06-26 Corentin Darreye

Andrews recently introduced k-marked Durfee symbols, which are a generalization of partitions that are connected to moments of Dyson's rank statistic. He used these connections to find identities relating their generating functions as well…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2008-04-07 K. Bringmann , F. Garvan , K. Mahlburg

Kohnen and Sengupta proved that two cusp forms of different integral weights with real algebraic Fourier coefficients have infinitely many Fourier coefficients of the same as well as of opposite sign, up to the action of a Galois…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-10-20 Soumyarup Banerjee

In this article, we consider the weighted partition function $p_f(n)$ given by the generating series $\sum_{n=1}^{\infty} p_f(n)z^n = \prod_{n\in\mathbb{N}^{*}}(1-z^n)^{-f(n)}$, where we restrict the class of weight functions to strongly…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-12-31 Madhuparna Das

Congruences of Fourier coefficients of modular forms have long been an object of central study. By comparison, the arithmetic of other expansions of modular forms, in particular Taylor expansions around points in the upper-half plane, has…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-08-12 Pavel Guerzhoy , Michael H. Mertens , Larry Rolen

We study the coefficients of a natural basis for the space of weak harmonic Maass forms of weight $5/2$ on the full modular group. The non-holomorphic part of the first element of this infinite basis encodes the values of the partition…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2014-10-28 Nickolas Andersen

In a private communication, K. Ono conjectured that any mock theta function of weight 1/2 or 3/2 can be congruent modulo a prime $p$ to a weakly holomorphic modular form for just a few values of $p$. In this paper we describe when such a…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2014-02-27 René Olivetto

Let $f$ be a half-integral weight cusp form of level $4N$ for odd and squarefree $N$ and let $a(n)$ denote its $n^{\rm th}$ normalized Fourier coefficient. Assuming that all the coefficients $a(n)$ are real, we study the sign of $a(n)$ when…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-07-14 Corentin Darreye

We compute the Moore-Witten regularized u-plane integral on CP^1 x CP^1 directly in a chamber where the elliptic unfolding technique fails to work. This allows us to determine explicit formulas for its SU(2) and SO(3)-Donaldson invariants…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2018-02-01 Andreas Malmendier

The $\mathrm{SU}(r)$ Vafa-Witten partition function, which virtually counts Higgs pairs on a projective surface $S$, was mathematically defined by Tanaka-Thomas. On the Langlands dual side, the first-named author recently introduced virtual…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2025-04-09 Y. Jiang , M. Kool

We consider the refined $\mathrm{SU}(r)$ Vafa-Witten partition function of a smooth projective surface with non-zero holomorphic 2-form. This partition function has a vertical contribution, expressible in terms of nested Hilbert schemes.…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2026-04-13 Noah Arbesfeld , Martijn Kool , Ties Laarakker

We derive the partition function for the Vafa-Witten twist of the $\mathcal{N}=4$ supersymmetric gauge theory with gauge group SU(N) (for prime $N$) and arbitrary values of the 't Hooft fluxes $v\in H^{2}(X,\mathbb{Z}_{N})$ on K\"ahler…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-09-07 J. M. F. Labastida , Carlos Lozano

By the theory of Eisenstein series, generating functions of various divisor functions arise as modular forms. It is natural to ask whether further divisor functions arise systematically in the theory of mock modular forms. We establish,…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-09-30 Michael H. Mertens , Ken Ono , Larry Rolen

We propose a definition of Vafa-Witten invariants counting semistable Higgs pairs on a polarised surface. We use virtual localisation applied to Mochizuki/Joyce-Song pairs. For $K_S\le0$ we expect our definition coincides with an…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2022-10-11 Yuuji Tanaka , Richard P. Thomas

Let $k$ and $n$ be positive even integers. For a Hecke eigenform $h$ in the Kohnen plus subspace of weight $k-n/2+1/2$ for $\varGamma_0(4)$, let $I_n(h)$ be the Duke-Imamoglu-Ikeda lift of $h$ to the space of cusp forms of weight $k$ for…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-08-09 Tamotsu Ikeda , Hidenori Katsurada

We describe an algorithm to rigorously compute the power series expansion at a CM point of a weight $2$ cusp form of level coprime to $6$. Our algorithm works by bounding the denominators that appear due to ramification, and without…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-02-04 Chris Xu

A cusp form $f(z)$ of weight $k$ for $\SL_{2}(\Z)$ is determined uniquely by its first $\ell := \dim S_{k}$ Fourier coefficients. We derive an explicit bound on the $n$th coefficient of $f$ in terms of its first $\ell$ coefficients. We use…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2012-01-27 Paul Jenkins , Jeremy Rouse

In this paper we describe a method for computing a basis for the space of weight $2$ cusp forms invariant under a non-split Cartan subgroup of prime level $p$. As an application we compute, for certain small values of $p$, explicit…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2018-05-18 Pietro Mercuri , Rene Schoof