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Simulation-based inference with conditional neural density estimators is a powerful approach to solving inverse problems in science. However, these methods typically treat the underlying forward model as a black box, with no way to exploit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Maximilian Dax , Stephen R. Green , Jonathan Gair , Michael Deistler , Bernhard Schölkopf , Jakob H. Macke

The evolution of space technology in recent years, fueled by advancements in computing such as Artificial Intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML), has profoundly transformed our capacity to explore the cosmos. Missions like the James…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-13 Vasuda Trehan , Kevin H. Knuth , M. J. Way

Inferring the properties of exoplanets from their atmospheres, while confronting low resolution and low signal-to-noise in the context of the quantities we want to derive, poses rigorous demands upon the data collected from observation.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-07-27 Theresa Fisher , Hyunju Kim , Camerian Millsaps , Michael Line , Sara Imari Walker

The large number of strong lenses discoverable in future astronomical surveys will likely enhance the value of strong gravitational lensing as a cosmic probe of dark energy and dark matter. However, leveraging the increased statistical…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-06-03 Jason Poh , Ashwin Samudre , Aleksandra Ćiprijanović , Joshua Frieman , Gourav Khullar , Brian D. Nord

petitRADTRANS (pRT) is a fast radiative transfer code used for computing emission and transmission spectra of exoplanet atmospheres, combining a FORTRAN back end with a Python based user interface. It is widely used in the exoplanet…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-04-05 Evert Nasedkin , Paul Mollière , Doriann Blain

Methods based on Deep Learning have recently been applied on astrophysical parameter recovery thanks to their ability to capture information from complex data. One of these methods is the approximate Bayesian Neural Networks (BNNs) which…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-06-21 Héctor J. Hortúa , Luz Ángela García , Leonardo Castañeda C

Space-based high contrast imaging mission concepts for studying rocky exoplanets in reflected light are currently under community study. We develop an inverse modeling framework to estimate the science return of such missions given…

Modern surveys often deliver hundreds of thousands of stellar spectra at once, which are fit to spectral models to derive stellar parameters/labels. Therefore, the technique of Amortized Neural Posterior Estimation (ANPE) stands out as a…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-12-12 Keming Zhang , Tharindu Jayasinghe , Joshua S. Bloom

We propose a method for observing transiting exoplanets with near-infrared high-resolution spectrometers. We aim to create a robust data analysis method for recovering atmospheric transmission spectra from transiting exoplanets over a wide…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-17 Erik Aronson , Pierre Waldén , Nikolai Piskunov

Deep learning algorithms are growing in popularity in the field of exoplanetary science due to their ability to model highly non-linear relations and solve interesting problems in a data-driven manner. Several works have attempted to…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-07-26 Kai Hou Yip , Quentin Changeat , Nikolaos Nikolaou , Mario Morvan , Billy Edwards , Ingo P. Waldmann , Giovanna Tinetti

In the recent years, retrieval analysis of exoplanet atmospheres have been very successful, providing deep insights on the composition and the temperature structure of these worlds via the transit and eclipse methods. Analysis of spectral…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-08-12 Quentin Changeat , Ahmed F. Al-Refaie

In the near-future, dedicated telescopes observe Earth-like exoplanets in reflected light, allowing their characterization. Because of the huge distances, every exoplanet will be a single pixel, but temporal variations in its spectral flux…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-08-10 K. Meinke , D. M. Stam , P. M. Visser

The Einstein Telescope (ET), along with other third-generation gravitational wave (GW) detectors, will be a key instrument for detecting GWs in the coming decades. However, analyzing the data and estimating source parameters will be…

The most productive tracer of exoplanetary atmospheric escape is the measurement of excess absorption in the near-infrared metastable helium triplet during transits. Atmospheric escape of a close-in planet's atmosphere plays a role in its…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-04 C. Farret Jentink , V. Bourrier , Y. Carteret

State of the art spectral retrieval models of exoplanet atmospheres assume constant chemical profiles with altitude. This assumption is justified by the information content of current datasets which do not allow, in most cases, for the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-10-12 Quentin Changeat , Billy Edwards , Ingo Waldmann , Giovanna Tinetti

Upcoming astronomical surveys will produce petabytes of high-resolution images of the night sky, providing information about billions of stars and galaxies. Detecting and characterizing the astronomical objects in these images is a…

Applications · Statistics 2025-10-06 Jeffrey Regier

Inferring the parameters of a stochastic model based on experimental observations is central to the scientific method. A particularly challenging setting is when the model is strongly indeterminate, i.e. when distinct sets of parameters…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-11-10 Pedro L. C. Rodrigues , Thomas Moreau , Gilles Louppe , Alexandre Gramfort

Observed exoplanet transit spectra are usually retrieved using 1D models to determine atmospheric composition while planetary atmospheres are 3D. With the JWST and future space telescopes such as Ariel, we will be able to obtain…

Satellite-based estimates of greenhouse gas (GHG) properties from observations of reflected solar spectra are integral for understanding and monitoring complex terrestrial systems and their impact on the carbon cycle due to their near…

A space telescope capable of high-contrast imaging has been recognized as the avenue toward finding terrestrial planets around nearby Sun-like stars and characterizing their potential habitability. It is thus essential to quantify the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-06-01 Mario Damiano , Renyu Hu