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Progress in spintronics has been aided by characterization tools tailored to certain archetypical materials. New device structures and materials will require characterization tools that are material independent, provide sufficient…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-12-17 V. P. Bhallamudi , C. S. Wolfe , V. P. Amin , D. E. Labanowski , A. J. Berger , D. Stroud , J. Sinova , P. C. Hammel

Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning have promised to revolutionize the way we live and work, and one of particularly promising areas for AI is image analysis. Nevertheless, many current AI applications focus on post-processing…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-07-31 Boyuan Huang , Zhenghao Li , Jiangyu Li

We demonstrate that deep learning methods can determine the best focus position from 1-2 image samples, enabling 5-10x faster focus than traditional search-based methods. In contrast with phase detection methods, deep autofocus does not…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-02 Chengyu Wang , Qian Huang , Ming Cheng , Zhan Ma , David J. Brady

Device variability is a bottleneck for the scalability of semiconductor quantum devices. Increasing device control comes at the cost of a large parameter space that has to be explored in order to find the optimal operating conditions. We…

Recent advancements in retinal surgery have paved the way for a modern operating room equipped with a surgical robot, a microscope, and intraoperative optical coherence tomography (iOCT)- a depth sensor widely used in retinal surgery.…

Digitising the 3D world into a clean, CAD model-based representation has important applications for augmented reality and robotics. Current state-of-the-art methods are computationally intensive as they individually encode each detected…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Florian Langer , Jihong Ju , Georgi Dikov , Gerhard Reitmayr , Mohsen Ghafoorian

Investment in brighter sources and larger and faster detectors has accelerated the speed of data acquisition at national user facilities. The accelerated data acquisition offers many opportunities for discovery of new materials, but it also…

Materials Science · Physics 2017-09-28 Fang Ren , Ronald Pandolfi , Douglas Van Campen , Alexander Hexemer , Apurva Mehta

Automatically determining the position of every slice in a CT scan is a basic yet powerful capability allowing fast retrieval of region of interest for visual inspection and automated analysis. Unlike conventional localization approaches…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-06 Amit Oved

The Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST) has the largest aperture and a 19-beam L-band receiver, making it powerful for investigating the neutral hydrogen atomic gas (HI) in the universe. We present HiFAST…

Understanding the nanoscale carrier dynamics induced by light excitation is the key to unlocking futuristic devices and innovative functionalities in advanced materials. Optical pump-probe scanning tunneling microscopy (OPP-STM) has opened…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-03-28 Katsuya Iwaya , Hiroyuki Mogi , Shoji Yoshida , Yusuke Arashida , Osamu Takeuchi , Hidemi Shigekawa

The rapid growth of the Industry 4.0 paradigm is increasing the pressure to develop effective automated monitoring systems. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a convenient tool to improve the efficiency of industrial processes while reducing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-17 Meriam Zribi , Paolo Pagliuca , Francesca Pitolli

Accelerated MRI protocols routinely involve a predefined sampling pattern that undersamples the k-space. Finding an optimal pattern can enhance the reconstruction quality, however this optimization is a challenging task. To address this…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-30 Cagan Alkan , Morteza Mardani , Congyu Liao , Zhitao Li , Shreyas S. Vasanawala , John M. Pauly

Ptychography is a popular imaging technique that combines diffractive imaging with scanning microscopy. The technique consists of a coherent beam that is scanned across an object in a series of overlapping positions, leading to reliable and…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-08-08 Ricardo Parada , Samy Wu Fung , Stanley Osher

Despite decades of research, the ultimate goal of nanotechnology--top-down manipulation of individual atoms--has been directly achieved with only one technique: scanning probe microscopy. In this Review, we demonstrate that scanning…

This paper introduces the TAI Scan Tool, a RAG-based TAI self-assessment tool with minimalistic input. The current version of the tool supports the legal TAI assessment, with a particular emphasis on facilitating compliance with the AI Act.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Athanasios Davvetas , Xenia Ziouvelou , Ypatia Dami , Alexios Kaponis , Konstantina Giouvanopoulou , Michael Papademas

Scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) is a nanoscale imaging technique that can utilize several powerful contrast mechanisms for the quantitative mapping of chemical and physical materials properties. Spatial resolutions down to…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2026-05-27 Simone Finizio , Benjamin Watts , Benedikt Rösner , Tim A. Butcher , Sebastian Wintz , Markus Weigand , Jörg Raabe

Characterization of atomic-scale materials traditionally requires human experts with months to years of specialized training. Even for trained human operators, accurate and reliable characterization remains challenging when examining newly…

Purpose: A fast data-driven optimization approach, named bias-accelerated subset selection (BASS), is proposed for learning efficacious sampling patterns (SPs) with the purpose of reducing scan time in large-dimensional parallel MRI.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-05 Marcelo V. W. Zibetti , Gabor T. Herman , Ravinder R. Regatte

Analyzing microscopy images to extract biological object properties (e.g., their morphological organization, temporal dynamics, and population density) is fundamental to various biomedical research. Yet conducting this manually is costly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Xiaofei Hui , Haoxuan Qu , Hossein Rahmani , Shuohong Wang , Jeff W. Lichtman , Jun Liu

Fast scanning probe microscopy enabled via machine learning allows for a broad range of nanoscale, temporally resolved physics to be uncovered. However, such examples for functional imaging are few in number. Here, using piezoresponse force…