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Multi-agent learning algorithms have been shown to display complex, unstable behaviours in a wide array of games. In fact, previous works indicate that convergent behaviours are less likely to occur as the total number of agents increases.…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Aamal Hussain , Dan Leonte , Francesco Belardinelli , Georgios Piliouras

Cooperation is a very common, yet not fully-understood phenomenon in natural and human systems. The introduction of a network within the population is known to affect the outcome of cooperative dynamics, allowing for the survival of…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-04-28 Joan T. Matamalas , Julia Poncela-Casasnovas , Sergio Gómez , Alex Arenas

In this letter, we deal with evolutionary game theoretic learning processes for population games on networks with dynamically evolving communities. Specifically, we propose a novel mathematical framework in which a deterministic,…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2022-03-02 Alain Govaert , Lorenzo Zino , Emma Tegling

Models of continuous opinion dynamics under bounded confidence show a sharp transition between a consensus and a polarization phase at a critical global bound of confidence. In this paper, heterogeneous bounds of confidence are studied. The…

Physics and Society · Physics 2010-12-07 Jan Lorenz

The paper is concerned with distributed learning and optimization in large-scale settings. The well-known Fictitious Play (FP) algorithm has been shown to achieve Nash equilibrium learning in certain classes of multi-agent games. However,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2015-06-16 B. Swenson , S. Kar , J. Xavier

Mean Field Game (MFG) models implicitly assume "rational expectations", meaning that the heterogeneous agents being modeled correctly know all relevant transition probabilities for the complex system they inhabit. When there is common…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-02-26 Benjamin Moll , Lenya Ryzhik

Systems of competing agents can often be modeled as games. Assuming rationality, the most likely outcomes are given by an equilibrium (e.g. a Nash equilibrium). In many practical settings, games are influenced by context, i.e. additional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Daniel McKenzie , Howard Heaton , Qiuwei Li , Samy Wu Fung , Stanley Osher , Wotao Yin

The behaviour of multi-agent learning in competitive settings is often considered under the restrictive assumption of a zero-sum game. Only under this strict requirement is the behaviour of learning well understood; beyond this, learning…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-07-27 Aamal Hussain , Francesco Belardinelli , Georgios Piliouras

The very notion of social network implies that linked individuals interact repeatedly with each other. This allows them not only to learn successful strategies and adapt to them, but also to condition their own behavior on the behavior of…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-05-27 Luca Dall'Asta , Matteo Marsili , Paolo Pin

We derive a class of macroscopic differential equations that describe collective adaptation, starting from a discrete-time stochastic microscopic model. The behavior of each agent is a dynamic balance between adaptation that locally…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2024-05-15 Yuzuru Sato , Eizo Akiyama , James P. Crutchfield

Information gathering while interacting with other agents under sensing and motion uncertainty is critical in domains such as driving, service robots, racing, or surveillance. The interests of agents may be at odds with others, resulting in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-05-14 Wilko Schwarting , Alyssa Pierson , Sertac Karaman , Daniela Rus

We consider a constrained hierarchical opinion dynamics in the case of leaders' competition and with complete information among leaders. Each leaders' group tries to drive the followers' opinion towards a desired state accordingly to a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-12-12 Giacomo Albi , Lorenzo Pareschi , Mattia Zanella

We present a new approach to solving games with a countably or uncountably infinite number of players. Such games are often used to model multiagent systems with a large number of agents. The latter are frequently encountered in economics,…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Carlos Martin , Tuomas Sandholm

Many multiagent systems in the real world include multiple types of agents with different abilities and functionality. Such heterogeneous multiagent systems have significant practical advantages. However, they also come with challenges…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Qingxu Fu , Xiaolin Ai , Jianqiang Yi , Tenghai Qiu , Wanmai Yuan , Zhiqiang Pu

Understanding the evolution of cooperation in multiplayer games is of vital significance for natural and social systems. An important challenge is that group interactions often leads to nonlinear synergistic effects. However, previous…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-05-13 Wenqiang Zhu , Xin Wang , Chaoqian Wang , Longzhao Liu , Jiaxin Hu , Zhiming Zheng , Shaoting Tang , Hongwei Zheng , Jin Dong

Various social contexts ranging from public goods provision to information collection can be depicted as games of strategic interactions, where a player's well-being depends on her own action as well as on the actions taken by her…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-04-01 Giulio Cimini , Claudio Castellano , Angel Sánchez

Mean field games (MFGs) are a promising framework for modeling the behavior of large-population systems. However, solving MFGs can be challenging due to the coupling of forward population evolution and backward agent dynamics. Typically,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Chenyu Zhang , Xu Chen , Xuan Di

We study a dynamic game with a large population of players who choose actions from a finite set in continuous time. Each player has a state in a finite state space that evolves stochastically with their actions. A player's reward depends…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-06 Leonardo Pedroso , Andrea Agazzi , W. P. M. H. Heemels , Mauro Salazar

Traditional Federated Learning (FL) approaches assume collaborative clients with aligned objectives working towards a shared global model. However, in many real-world scenarios, clients act as rational players with individual objectives and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-10 TaeHo Yoon , Sayantan Choudhury , Nicolas Loizou

The Mean-Field approximation is a tractable approach for studying large population dynamics. However, its assumption on homogeneity and universal connections among all agents limits its applicability in many real-world scenarios.…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Peihan Huo , Oscar Peralta , Junyu Guo , Qiaomin Xie , Andreea Minca