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We introduce the class of P-finite automata. These are a generalisation of weighted automata, in which the weights of transitions can depend polynomially on the length of the input word. P-finite automata can also be viewed as simple…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Alex Buna-Marginean , Vincent Cheval , Mahsa Shirmohammadi , James Worrell

Modern civilian and military systems have created a demand for sophisticated intelligent autonomous machines capable of operating in uncertain dynamic environments. Such systems are realizable thanks in large part to major advances in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-16 Nicholas Conlon , Aastha Acharya , Nisar Ahmed

We present an extended automata learning framework that combines active automata learning with deductive inference. The learning algorithm asks membership and equivalence queries as in the original framework, but it is also given advice,…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Michał Fica , Jan Otop

Finitary Idealized Concurrent Algol (FICA) is a prototypical programming language combining functional, imperative, and concurrent computation. There exists a fully abstract game model of FICA, which in principle can be used to prove…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2021-01-22 Alex Dixon , Ranko Lazić , Andrzej S. Murawski , Igor Walukiewicz

We present an efficient algorithm to reduce the size of nondeterministic Buchi word automata, while retaining their language. Additionally, we describe methods to solve PSPACE-complete automata problems like universality, equivalence and…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2012-10-25 Lorenzo Clemente , Richard Mayr

Learning With Opponent-Learning Awareness (LOLA) (Foerster et al. [2018a]) is a multi-agent reinforcement learning algorithm that typically learns reciprocity-based cooperation in partially competitive environments. However, LOLA often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-20 Stephen Zhao , Chris Lu , Roger Baker Grosse , Jakob Nicolaus Foerster

Probabilistic omega-automata are variants of nondeterministic automata for infinite words where all choices are resolved by probabilistic distributions. Acceptance of an infinite input word can be defined in different ways: by requiring…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2009-07-29 Christel Baier , Nathalie Bertrand , Marcus Größer

Large language models (LLMs) often have a fixed knowledge cutoff, limiting their accuracy on emerging information. We present ALAS (Autonomous Learning Agent System), a modular pipeline that continuously updates an LLM's knowledge with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Dhruv Atreja

We present a polynomial time algorithm that constructs a deterministic parity automaton (DPA) from a given set of positive and negative ultimately periodic example words. We show that this algorithm is complete for the class of…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2024-08-07 León Bohn , Christof Löding

We present Kofola, an efficient tool for complementation and inclusion checking of B\"uchi automata, two central tasks in automata-theoretic verification with applications in model checking, monitoring, and theorem proving. Kofola…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Ondrej Alexaj , Vojtěch Havlena , Lukáš Holík , Ondřej Lengál , Yong Li , Nicolas Mazzocchi

Model-agnostic meta-learning (MAML) is a meta-learning technique to train a model on a multitude of learning tasks in a way that primes the model for few-shot learning of new tasks. The MAML algorithm performs well on few-shot learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-22 Harkirat Singh Behl , Atılım Güneş Baydin , Philip H. S. Torr

We investigate a learning algorithm in the context of nominal automata, an extension of classical automata to alphabets featuring names. This class of automata captures nominal regular languages; analogously to the classical language…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2019-09-16 Yi Xiao , Emilio Tuosto

Recently, large vision language models (VLMs) have made significant strides in visual language capabilities through visual instruction tuning, showing great promise in the field of remote sensing image interpretation. However, existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Kaixuan Lu , Ruiqian Zhang , Xiao Huang , Yuxing Xie

Large Language Models (LLMs) achieve impressive performance in a wide range of tasks, even if they are often trained with the only objective of chatting fluently with users. Among other skills, LLMs show emergent abilities in mathematical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Flavio Petruzzellis , Alberto Testolin , Alessandro Sperduti

We consider two natural problems about nondeterministic finite automata. First, given such an automaton M of n states, and a length l, does M accept a word of length l? We show that the classic problem of triangle-free graph recognition…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2018-02-14 Aaron Potechin , Jeffrey Shallit

We present a passive automata learning algorithm that can extract automata from recurrent networks with very large or even infinite alphabets. Our method combines overapproximations from the field of Abstract Interpretation and passive…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Jaouhar Slimi , Tristan Le Gall , Augustin Lemesle

Automata learning is a technique that has successfully been applied in verification, with the automaton type varying depending on the application domain. Adaptations of automata learning algorithms for increasingly complex types of automata…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2017-06-27 Gerco van Heerdt , Matteo Sammartino , Alexandra Silva

Infinite words over infinite alphabets serve as models of the temporal development of the allocation and (re-)use of resources over linear time. We approach omega-languages over infinite alphabets in the setting of nominal sets, and study…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2021-07-13 Henning Urbat , Daniel Hausmann , Stefan Milius , Lutz Schröder

We develop a general framework for the specification and implementation of systems whose executions are words, or partial orders, over an infinite alphabet. As a model of an implementation, we introduce class register automata, a one-way…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2012-01-10 Benedikt Bollig

(abridged) The Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) was the top-ranked priority for a new ground-based facility in the 2000 Canadian Long Range Plan. Ten years later, at the time of LRP2010, ALMA construction was well…