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Large language model (LLM) agents rely on reusable skills to solve complex tasks. However, existing skill creation approaches treat skills as isolated and static artifacts, limiting their reusability, reliability, and long-term improvement.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Huawei Lin , Peng Li , Jie Song , Fuxin Jiang , Tieying Zhang

Biological neural networks are capable of recruiting different sets of neurons to encode different memories. However, when training artificial neural networks on a set of tasks, typically, no mechanism is employed for selectively producing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-17 Matthew J. Tilley , Michelle Miller , David J. Freedman

Class-Incremental Learning (CIL) requires a learning system to continually learn new classes without forgetting. Despite the strong performance of Pre-Trained Models (PTMs) in CIL, a critical issue persists: learning new classes often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Da-Wei Zhou , Hai-Long Sun , Han-Jia Ye , De-Chuan Zhan

Continual acquisition of novel experience without interfering previously learned knowledge, i.e. continual learning, is critical for artificial neural networks, but limited by catastrophic forgetting. A neural network adjusts its parameters…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-15 Liyuan Wang , Bo Lei , Qian Li , Hang Su , Jun Zhu , Yi Zhong

Computing the Bayesian posterior of a neural network is a challenging task due to the high-dimensionality of the parameter space. Anchored ensembles approximate the posterior by training an ensemble of neural networks on anchored losses…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Arnaud Delaunoy , Gilles Louppe

Real-world applications often require learning continuously from a stream of data under ever-changing conditions. When trying to learn from such non-stationary data, deep neural networks (DNNs) undergo catastrophic forgetting of previously…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-03 Arnav Varma , Elahe Arani , Bahram Zonooz

Episodic memory plays an important role in the behavior of animals and humans. It allows the accumulation of information about current state of the environment in a task-agnostic way. This episodic representation can be later accessed by…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-05-08 Artyom Y. Sorokin , Mikhail S. Burtsev

We present the architecture of a fully autonomous, bio-inspired cognitive agent built around a spiking neural network (SNN) implementing the agent's semantic memory. This agent explores its universe and learns concepts of objects/situations…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Christel Grimaud , Dominique Longin , Andreas Herzig

Achieving self-evolution in intelligent agents requires the continual accumulation of new knowledge across changing task sequences without forgetting previously acquired abilities. Existing approaches either internalize knowledge by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Dianzhi Yu , Vireo Zhang , Hongru Wang , Yanyu Chen , Minda Hu , Wanghan Xu , Siki Chen , Philip Torr , Zhenfei Yin , Irwin King

The goal of lifelong learning is to continuously learn from non-stationary distributions, where the non-stationarity is typically imposed by a sequence of distinct tasks. Prior works have mostly considered idealistic settings, where the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Haoran Zhu , Maryam Majzoubi , Arihant Jain , Anna Choromanska

In this paper we introduce a novel Salience Affected Artificial Neural Network (SANN) that models the way neuromodulators such as dopamine and noradrenaline affect neural dynamics in the human brain by being distributed diffusely through…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-12-01 Leendert A Remmelzwaal , George F R Ellis , Jonathan Tapson , Amit K Mishra

Continual fine-tuning of large language models (LLMs) suffers from catastrophic forgetting. Rehearsal-based methods mitigate this problem by retaining a small set of old data. Nevertheless, they still suffer inevitable performance loss.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Zhilin Wang , Yafu Li , Xiaoye Qu , Yu Cheng

Ensembling a neural network is a widely recognized approach to enhance model performance, estimate uncertainty, and improve robustness in deep supervised learning. However, deep ensembles often come with high computational costs and memory…

Multi-modality image fusion, particularly infrared and visible, plays a crucial role in integrating diverse modalities to enhance scene understanding. Although early research prioritized visual quality, preserving fine details and adapting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Guanyao Wu , Haoyu Liu , Hongming Fu , Yichuan Peng , Jinyuan Liu , Xin Fan , Risheng Liu

We propose a method for tackling catastrophic forgetting in deep reinforcement learning that is \textit{agnostic} to the timescale of changes in the distribution of experiences, does not require knowledge of task boundaries, and can adapt…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-18 Christos Kaplanis , Murray Shanahan , Claudia Clopath

As more and more AI agents are used in practice, it is time to think about how to make these agents fully autonomous so that they can learn by themselves in a self-motivated and self-supervised manner rather than being retrained…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-01 Bing Liu , Eric Robertson , Scott Grigsby , Sahisnu Mazumder

Despite several signs of progress have been made recently, limited research has been conducted for an inductive setting where embeddings are required for newly unseen nodes -- a setting encountered commonly in practical applications of deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-23 Dai Quoc Nguyen , Tu Dinh Nguyen , Dinh Phung

Self-attention (SA) mechanisms can capture effectively global dependencies in deep neural networks, and have been applied to natural language processing and image processing successfully. However, SA modules for image reconstruction have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-05-21 Zheng Wang , Jianwu Li , Ge Song , Tieling Li

We present an architecture that is effective for continual learning in an especially demanding setting, where task boundaries do not exist or are unknown, and where classes have to be learned online (with each example presented only once).…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-08 Murray Shanahan , Christos Kaplanis , Jovana Mitrović

Deep reinforcement learning primarily focuses on learning behavior, usually overlooking the fact that an agent's function is largely determined by form. So, how should one go about finding a morphology fit for solving tasks in a given…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-26 Donald J. Hejna , Pieter Abbeel , Lerrel Pinto