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Information reconciliation is crucial for continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) because its performance affects the secret key rate and maximal secure transmission distance. Fixed-rate error correction codes limit the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-11-11 Chao Zhou , Xiangyu Wang , Yi-Chen Zhang , Zhiguo Zhang , Song Yu , Hong Guo

Fault-tolerant quantum computing will require accurate estimates of the resource overhead, but standard metrics such as gate fidelity and diamond distance have been shown to be poor predictors of logical performance. We present a scalable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-26 Pavithran Iyer , Aditya Jain , Stephen D. Bartlett , Joseph Emerson

In this work, we propose a novel key reconciliation protocol for the quantum key distribution (QKD). Based on Newton's polynomial interpolation, the proposed protocol aims to correct all erroneous bits at the receiver without revealing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-04-16 Gunes Karabulut Kurt , Enver Ozdemir , Neslihan Aysen Ozkirisci , Ozan Alp Topal , Emel A. Ugurlu

The performance of a practical continuous-variable (CV) quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol depends significantly, apart from the loss and noise of the quantum channel, on the post-processing steps which lead to the extraction of the…

Previous research has aimed to precisely estimate information leakage to improve the secure key rate (SKR) and maximum transmission distance in quantum key distribution (QKD). However, existing methods repeatedly considerd the information…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-14 Hao-Kun Mao , Bo Yang , Yu-Cheng Qiao , Bing-Ze Yan , Qiang Zhao , Bing-Jie Xu , Qiong Li

Accurate quantum channel parameter estimation is essential for effective information reconciliation in continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD). However, conventional maximum likelihood (ML) estimators rely on a large amount of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-23 Jisheng Dai , Xue-Qin Jiang , Peng Huang , Tao Wang , Guihua Zeng

Information reconciliation(IR) is a basic step of quantum key distribution (QKD). Classical message interaction is necessary in a practical IR scheme, and the communication complexity has become a bottleneck of QKD's development. Here we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-05-15 Li Yang , Zhao Li

Characterizing the physical channel and calibrating the cryptosystem hardware are prerequisites for establishing a quantum channel for quantum key distribution (QKD). Moreover, an inappropriately implemented calibration routine can open a…

Quantum key distribution (QKD) allows for communication with security guaranteed by quantum theory. The main theoretical problem in QKD is to calculate the secret key rate for a given protocol. Analytical formulas are known for protocols…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-05-24 Patrick J. Coles , Eric M. Metodiev , Norbert Lütkenhaus

There is a big gap between theory and practice in quantum key distribution (QKD) because real devices do not satisfy the assumptions required by the security proofs. Here, we close this gap by introducing a simple and practical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-31 Álvaro Navarrete , Margarida Pereira , Marcos Curty , Kiyoshi Tamaki

In recent years, quantum computing technologies have steadily matured and have begun to find practical applications across various domains. One important area is network communication security, where Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) enables…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Abel C. H. Chen

Error estimation is an important step for error correction in quantum key distribution. Traditional error estimation methods require sacrificing a part of the sifted key, forcing a trade-off between the accuracy of error estimation and the…

Information reconciliation is a crucial procedure in the classical post-processing of quantum key distribution (QKD). Poor reconciliation efficiency, revealing more information than strictly needed, may compromise the maximum attainable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-01-30 Jesus Martinez-Mateo , David Elkouss , Vicente Martin

Security of quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols relies solely on quantum physics laws, namely, on the impossibility to distinguish between non-orthogonal quantum states with absolute certainty. Due to this, a potential eavesdropper…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-22 Valeria A. Pastushenko , Dmitry A. Kronberg

We study the equivalence between a realistic quantum key distribution protocol using coherent states and homodyne detection and a formal entanglement purification protocol. Maximally-entangled qubit pairs that one can extract in the formal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 G. Van Assche , S. Iblisdir , N. J. Cerf

Designing a practical Continuous Variable (CV) Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) system requires an estimation of the quantum channel characteristics and the extraction of secure key bits based on a large number of distributed quantum signals.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-09 Xiaoyu Ai , Robert Malaney

Here we concerned with quantum key distribution - a way to establish common cryptographic key between several parties. The work proposes a combination between quantum key distribution and systematic polar coding (an error correction…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-25 Georgi Bebrov

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is one of the most important aspects of quantum cryptography. Using laws of quantum mechanics as the basis for security, the key distribution process is made information theoretically secure in QKD. With the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-19 Rishab Chatterjee , Kaushik Joarder , Sourav Chatterjee , Barry C Sanders , Urbasi Sinha

The Information Reconciliation phase in quantum key distribution has significant impact on the range and throughput of any QKD system. We explore this stage for high-dimensional QKD implementations and introduce two novel methods for…

All the currently available unconditional security proofs on quantum key distribution, in particular for the BB84 protocol and its variants including continuous-variable ones, are invalid or incomplete at many points. In this paper we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-10-23 Horace P. Yuen