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Related papers: Language Models as Inductive Reasoners

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Large language models (LLMs) often struggle with complex mathematical tasks, prone to "hallucinating" incorrect answers due to their reliance on statistical patterns. This limitation is further amplified in average Small LangSLMs with…

Symbolic reasoning, rule-based symbol manipulation, is a hallmark of human intelligence. However, rule-based systems have had limited success competing with learning-based systems outside formalized domains such as automated theorem…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-24 Kaiyu Yang , Jia Deng

Recent advances in neural network-based generative modeling have reignited the hopes in having computer systems capable of seamlessly conversing with humans and able to understand natural language. Neural architectures have been employed to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-08-03 Cristina Garbacea , Qiaozhu Mei

We propose a large language model explainability technique for obtaining faithful natural language explanations by grounding the explanations in a reasoning process. When converted to a sequence of tokens, the outputs of the reasoning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Vojtech Cahlik , Rodrigo Alves , Pavel Kordik

Structured reasoning over natural language inputs remains a core challenge in artificial intelligence, as it requires bridging the gap between unstructured linguistic expressions and formal logical representations. In this paper, we propose…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Keying Yang , Hao Wang , Kai Yang

Inspired by recent and revolutionary developments in AI, particularly in language understanding and generation, we set about designing AI systems that are able to address complex scientific tasks that challenge human capabilities to make…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-01 José Manuel Gómez-Pérez

Language model (LM) agents are increasingly used as autonomous decision-makers which need to actively gather information to guide their decisions. A crucial cognitive skill for such agents is the efficient exploration and understanding of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Anthony GX-Chen , Dongyan Lin , Mandana Samiei , Doina Precup , Blake A. Richards , Rob Fergus , Kenneth Marino

While Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) internalize a great amount of world knowledge, they have been shown incapable of recalling these knowledge to solve tasks requiring complex & multi-step reasoning. Similar to how humans develop a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Boshi Wang , Xiang Deng , Huan Sun

"Natural Language," whether spoken and attended to by humans, or processed and generated by computers, requires networked structures that reflect creative processes in semantic, syntactic, phonetic, linguistic, social, emotional, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-06-29 Joseph Corneli , Miriam Corneli

We present a framework where neural models develop an AI Mother Tongue, a native symbolic language that simultaneously supports intuitive reasoning, compositional symbol chains, and inherent interpretability. Unlike post-hoc explanation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Hung Ming Liu

Recent breakthroughs in AI have shown the remarkable power of deep learning and deep reinforcement learning. These developments, however, have been tied to specific tasks, and progress in out-of-distribution generalization has been limited.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-11-30 Hector Geffner

Despite recent advances in modern machine learning algorithms, the opaqueness of their underlying mechanisms continues to be an obstacle in adoption. To instill confidence and trust in artificial intelligence systems, Explainable Artificial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-06 Zheng Zhang , Liangliang Xu , Levent Yilmaz , Bo Liu

Although natural language is the default medium for Large Language Models (LLMs), its limited expressive capacity creates a profound bottleneck for complex problem-solving. While recent advancements in AI have relied heavily on scaling,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Zhiqin Yang , Yuhan Liu , Jingwen Fu , Pei Fu , Bo Han , Masashi Sugiyama , Nanning Zheng

Recent advances in reinforcement learning have shown its potential to tackle complex real-life tasks. However, as the dimensionality of the task increases, reinforcement learning methods tend to struggle. To overcome this, we explore…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-06 Erez Schwartz , Guy Tennenholtz , Chen Tessler , Shie Mannor

Transformers have been shown to emulate logical deduction over natural language theories (logical rules expressed in natural language), reliably assigning true/false labels to candidate implications. However, their ability to generate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-07 Oyvind Tafjord , Bhavana Dalvi Mishra , Peter Clark

Despite their tremendous success in many applications, large language models often fall short of consistent reasoning and planning in various (language, embodied, and social) scenarios, due to inherent limitations in their inference,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-11 Zhiting Hu , Tianmin Shu

Logical reasoning consistently plays a fundamental and significant role in the domains of knowledge engineering and artificial intelligence. Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as a noteworthy innovation in natural language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Fangzhi Xu , Qika Lin , Jiawei Han , Tianzhe Zhao , Jun Liu , Erik Cambria

Machine learning models, and in particular language models, are being applied to various tasks that require reasoning. While such models are good at capturing patterns their ability to reason in a trustable and controlled manner is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Kristoffer Æsøy , Ana Ozaki

The iterated learning model simulates the transmission of language from generation to generation in order to explore how the constraints imposed by language transmission facilitate the emergence of language structure. Despite each modelled…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Hyoyeon Lee , Seth Bullock , Conor Houghton

Reasoning, as an essential ability for complex problem-solving, can provide back-end support for various real-world applications, such as medical diagnosis, negotiation, etc. This paper provides a comprehensive survey of cutting-edge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Shuofei Qiao , Yixin Ou , Ningyu Zhang , Xiang Chen , Yunzhi Yao , Shumin Deng , Chuanqi Tan , Fei Huang , Huajun Chen