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Controlling false positives (Type I errors) through statistical hypothesis testing is a foundation of modern scientific data analysis. Existing causal structure discovery algorithms either do not provide Type I error control or cannot scale…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-29 James Leiner , Brian Manzo , Aaditya Ramdas , Wesley Tansey

Computer simulations have proven a valuable tool for understanding complex phenomena across the sciences. However, the utility of simulators for modelling and forecasting purposes is often restricted by low data quality, as well as…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-10-14 Daniel Ward , Patrick Cannon , Mark Beaumont , Matteo Fasiolo , Sebastian M Schmon

Confidence calibration has been dominated by the Expected Calibration Error (ECE), a linear metric that counts calibration offset equally regardless of the confidence level at which it occurs. We show that ECE can remain small even under…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Fernando Martin-Maroto , Nabil Abderrahaman , Gonzalo G. de Polavieja

Reliable probabilities are critical in high-risk applications, yet common calibration criteria (confidence, class-wise) are only necessary for full distributional calibration, and post-hoc methods often lack distribution-free guarantees. We…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-17 Daniil Kazantsev , Mohsen Guizani , Eric Moulines , Maxim Panov , Nikita Kotelevskii

Multiple successful compositional symbolic execution (CSE) tools and platforms exploit separation logic (SL) for compositional verification and/or incorrectness separation logic (ISL) for compositional bug-finding, including VeriFast,…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Andreas Lööw , Seung Hoon Park , Daniele Nantes-Sobrinho , Sacha-Élie Ayoun , Opale Sjöstedt , Philippa Gardner

There are now a broad range of time series classification (TSC) algorithms designed to exploit different representations of the data. These have been evaluated on a range of problems hosted at the UCR-UEA TSC Archive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-04-10 Anthony Bagnall , Aaron Bostrom , James Large , Jason Lines

Evaluating the statistical dimension is a common tool to determine the asymptotic phase transition in compressed sensing problems with Gaussian ensemble. Unfortunately, the exact evaluation of the statistical dimension is very difficult and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-06-06 Sajad Daei , Farzan Haddadi , Arash Amini , Martin Lotz

Analog Compute-In-Memory (CIM) architectures promise significant energy efficiency gains for neural network inference, but suffer from complex hardware-induced noise that poses major challenges for deployment. While noise-aware training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Yuannuo Feng , Wenyong Zhou , Yuexi Lyu , Yixiang Zhang , Zhengwu Liu , Ngai Wong , Wang Kang

The Standard-Model Extension (SME) provides a comprehensive effective field-theory framework for the study of CPT and Lorentz symmetry. This work reviews the structure and philosophy of the SME and provides some intuitive examples of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-10-19 Jay D. Tasson

State-level policy evaluations commonly employ a difference-in-differences (DID) study design; yet within this framework, statistical model specification varies notably across studies. Motivated by applied state-level opioid policy…

Recently, the binary expansion testing framework was introduced to test the independence of two continuous random variables by utilizing symmetry statistics that are complete sufficient statistics for dependence. We develop a new test based…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-01-11 Duyeol Lee , Kai Zhang , Michael R. Kosorok

Trustworthiness in neural networks is crucial for their deployment in critical applications, where reliability, confidence, and uncertainty play pivotal roles in decision-making. Traditional performance metrics such as accuracy and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Koffi Ismael Ouattara , Ioannis Krontiris , Theo Dimitrakos , Frank Kargl

We study distribution-free predictive inference for data with group symmetries, aiming to establish near-conditional coverage guarantees beyond exchangeability for structured data. While many predictive inference methods achieve a target…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-19 Yichen Shen , Mengxin Yu

This paper is concerned about sparse, continuous frequency estimation in line spectral estimation, and focused on developing gridless sparse methods which overcome grid mismatches and correspond to limiting scenarios of existing grid-based…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-07-19 Zai Yang , Lihua Xie

Simulation-based calibration checking (SBC) is a practical method to validate computationally-derived posterior distributions or their approximations. In this paper, we introduce a new variant of SBC to alleviate several known problems. Our…

Confidence intervals (CIs) are instrumental in statistical analysis, providing a range estimate of the parameters. In modern statistics, selective inference is common, where only certain parameters are highlighted. However, this selective…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-17 Tzviel Frostig , Yoav Benjamini , Ruth Heller

The dramatic increase of autonomous systems subject to variable environments has given rise to the pressing need to consider risk in both the synthesis and verification of policies for these systems. This paper aims to address a few…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-04-22 Prithvi Akella , Anushri Dixit , Mohamadreza Ahmadi , Joel W. Burdick , Aaron D. Ames

Scientists regularly pose questions about treatment effects on outcomes conditional on a post-treatment event. However, causal inference in such settings requires care, even in perfectly executed randomized experiments. Recently, the…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-19 Chan Park , Mats Stensrud , Eric Tchetgen Tchetgen

Assessing the validity of a real-world system with respect to given quality criteria is a common yet costly task in industrial applications due to the vast number of required real-world tests. Validating such systems by means of simulation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-06 David Reeb , Kanil Patel , Karim Barsim , Martin Schiegg , Sebastian Gerwinn

Numerical simulations of physical systems exhibit discrepancies arising from unmodeled physics and idealizations, as well as numerical approximation errors stemming from discretization and solver tolerances. This article reviews techniques…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-01-23 Danny Smyl
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