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I present a review of X-ray and mid-IR surveys for Compton-thick Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN). These are the most highly obscured sources having hydrogen column densities >1.5x10^24 cm-2. Key surveys in the local Universe are presented…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-04 I. Georgantopoulos

Identifying druggable genes is essential for developing effective pharmaceuticals. With the availability of extensive, high-quality data, computational methods have become a significant asset. Protein Interaction Network (PIN) is valuable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-06 George Yuanji Wang , Srisharan Murugesan , Aditya Prince Rohatgi

Medical imaging is an essential tool in many areas of medical applications, used for both diagnosis and treatment. However, reading medical images and making diagnosis or treatment recommendations require specially trained medical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-03-13 Wentao Zhu

We report on an hybrid in-beam PET and prompt-gamma Compton imaging system aimed at quasi real-time ion-range verification in proton-therapy treatments. Proof-of-concept experiments were carried out at the radiobiology beam line of the CNA…

Existing promptable segmentation methods in the medical imaging field primarily consider either textual or visual prompts to segment relevant objects, yet they often fall short when addressing anomalies in medical images, like tumors, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Zhongzhen Huang , Yankai Jiang , Rongzhao Zhang , Shaoting Zhang , Xiaofan Zhang

We are developing a Compton telescope based on high resolution Si and CdTe imaging devices in order to obtain a high sensitivity astrophysical observation in sub-MeV gamma-ray region. In this paper, recent results from the prototype Si/CdTe…

Radioactive ion beams (RIB) are a key focus of current research in nuclear physics. Already long ago it was proposed that they could have applications in cancer therapy. In fact, while charged particle therapy is potentially the most…

We present a new efficient diagnostic method, based on mid-infrared and X-ray data, to select local (z<0.1) Compton-thick (CT) AGN with the aim of estimating their surface and space density. We define a region in the X-ray/IR vs. HR plane…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-04 P. Severgnini , A. Caccianiga , R. Della Ceca

Photonuclear reactions using a laser Compton scattering (LCS) gamma source provide a new method for producing radioisotopes for medical applications. Compared with the conventional method, this method has the advantages of a high specific…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2024-02-21 Xuan Pang , Bao-Hua Sun , Li-Hua Zhu , Guang-Hong Lu , Hong-Bo Zhou , Dong Yang

For long time non-pure beta emitters are avoided from PET imaging due to extra dose and increase in background from Compton scattering. But advent of high-resolution Compton camera system opens up new domain of imaging. Various non-pure…

Medical Physics · Physics 2021-10-06 Satyajit Ghosh , Pragya Das

Liquid biopsies (eg., blood draws) offer a less invasive and non-localized alternative to tissue biopsies for monitoring the progression of metastatic breast cancer (mBCa). Immunofluoresence (IF) microscopy is a tool to image and analyze…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Evan Schwab , Bharat Annaldas , Nisha Ramesh , Anna Lundberg , Vishal Shelke , Xinran Xu , Cole Gilbertson , Jiyun Byun , Ernest T. Lam

Breast cancer classification remains a challenging task due to inter-class ambiguity and intra-class variability. Existing deep learning-based methods try to confront this challenge by utilizing complex nonlinear projections. However, these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-08 Xiao Kang , Xingbo Liu , Xiushan Nie , Xiaoming Xi , Yilong Yin

The existence of a large population of Compton thick (CT, $N_{H}>10^{24} cm^{-2}$) AGN is a key ingredient of most Cosmic X-ray background synthesis models. However, direct identification of these sources, especially at high redshift, is…

Medical imaging modalities have revolutionized health-care approaches by offering a better understanding of the human anatomy. Discovery of x-rays allowed the exploiting of the micro-scaled information of human anatomy. Computed tomography…

Medical Physics · Physics 2018-09-18 Sanam Assili

Tumor segmentation in medical imaging is crucial and relies on precise delineation. Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron-Emission Tomography (FDG-PET) is widely used in clinical practice to detect metabolically active tumors. However, FDG-PET scans…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-05 Matthias Hadlich , Zdravko Marinov , Rainer Stiefelhagen

This paper deals with the classic radiotherapy dose fractionation problem for cancer tumors concerning the following goals: a) To maximize the effect of radiation on the tumor, restricting the effect produced to the organs at risk (healing…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-02-17 Luis Alberto Fernández , Lucía Fernández

There has been an increasing interest in atom probe tomography (APT) to characterise hydrated and biological materials. A major benefit of APT compared to microscopy techniques more commonly used in biology is its combination of outstanding…

Applied Physics · Physics 2023-11-13 Florant Exertier , Levi Tegg , Adam Taylor , Julie M. Cairney , Jing Fu , Ross K. W. Marceau

Accurate quantification of tau pathology via tau positron emission tomography (PET) scan is crucial for diagnosing and monitoring Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the high cost and limited availability of tau PET restrict its widespread…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Yuxin Gong , Se-in Jang , Wei Shao , Yi Su , Kuang Gong

Quantitative PET attenuation correction (AC) for combined cardiac PET/MR is a challenging problem. We propose and evaluate an AC approach that uses coincidences from a relatively weak and physically fixed sparse external source, in…

Medical Physics · Physics 2023-01-02 Mi-Ae Park , Vlad G. Zaha , Ramsey D. Badawi , Spencer L. Bowen