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Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) is a popular regression method, which unlike most Machine Learning techniques, provides estimates of uncertainty for its predictions. These uncertainty estimates however, are based on the assumption that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-29 Harris Papadopoulos

Deep learning models are being adopted and applied on various critical decision-making tasks, yet they are trained to provide point predictions without providing degrees of confidence. The trustworthiness of deep learning models can be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Daniel Nolte , Souparno Ghosh , Ranadip Pal

Traditional neural network regression models provide only point estimates, failing to capture predictive uncertainty. Probabilistic neural networks (PNNs) address this limitation by producing output distributions, enabling the construction…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Farhad Pourkamali-Anaraki

The quantification of uncertainty in prediction models is crucial for reliable decision-making, yet remains a significant challenge. Interval time series forecasting offers a principled solution to this problem by providing prediction…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Miaoxuan Zhu , Yi Yu , Yuyang Li , Wei Li , Guangcan Liu

Prediction intervals are a valuable way of quantifying uncertainty in regression problems. Good prediction intervals should be both correct, containing the actual value between the lower and upper bound at least a target percentage of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-07-02 Dongqi Su , Ying Yin Ting , Jason Ansel

Understanding model performance on unlabeled data is a fundamental challenge of developing, deploying, and maintaining AI systems. Model performance is typically evaluated using test sets or periodic manual quality assessments, both of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-17 Benjamin Elder , Matthew Arnold , Anupama Murthi , Jiri Navratil

We present a loss function for neural networks that encompasses an idea of trivial versus non-trivial predictions, such that the network jointly determines its own prediction goals and learns to satisfy them. This permits the network to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-12-15 Nicholas Guttenberg , Martin Biehl , Ryota Kanai

In this work we consider the task of constructing prediction intervals in an inductive batch setting. We present a discriminative learning framework which optimizes the expected error rate under a budget constraint on the interval sizes.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-02-28 Nir Rosenfeld , Yishay Mansour , Elad Yom-Tov

As machine learning models are increasingly deployed in dynamic environments, it becomes paramount to assess and quantify uncertainties associated with distribution shifts. A distribution shift occurs when the underlying data-generating…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-10-08 Jiawei Ge , Debarghya Mukherjee , Jianqing Fan

Conformal prediction is a powerful distribution-free tool for uncertainty quantification, establishing valid prediction intervals with finite-sample guarantees. To produce valid intervals which are also adaptive to the difficulty of each…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-24 Nabeel Seedat , Alan Jeffares , Fergus Imrie , Mihaela van der Schaar

Accurate quantification of model uncertainty has long been recognized as a fundamental requirement for trusted AI. In regression tasks, uncertainty is typically quantified using prediction intervals calibrated to a specific operating point,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-03 Jiri Navratil , Benjamin Elder , Matthew Arnold , Soumya Ghosh , Prasanna Sattigeri

Deep neural networks are frequently used by autonomous systems for their ability to learn complex, non-linear data patterns and make accurate predictions in dynamic environments. However, their use as black boxes introduces risks as the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-08 Dimitrios Boursinos , Xenofon Koutsoukos

In regression problems where there is no known true underlying model, conformal prediction methods enable prediction intervals to be constructed without any assumptions on the distribution of the underlying data, except that the training…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-01-31 Wenyu Chen , Kelli-Jean Chun , Rina Foygel Barber

The inability of artificial neural networks to assess the uncertainty of their predictions is an impediment to their widespread use. We distinguish two types of learnable uncertainty: model uncertainty due to a lack of training data and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-14 Hans Weytjens , Jochen De Weerdt

This paper proposes an extension to conventional regression Neural Networks (NNs) for replacing the point predictions they produce with prediction intervals that satisfy a required level of confidence. Our approach follows a novel machine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-18 Harris Papadopoulos , Haris Haralambous

Deterministic neural networks (NNs) are increasingly being deployed in safety critical domains, where calibrated, robust, and efficient measures of uncertainty are crucial. In this paper, we propose a novel method for training non-Bayesian…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-25 Alexander Amini , Wilko Schwarting , Ava Soleimany , Daniela Rus

Methods for reasoning under uncertainty are a key building block of accurate and reliable machine learning systems. Bayesian methods provide a general framework to quantify uncertainty. However, because of model misspecification and the use…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-07-03 Volodymyr Kuleshov , Nathan Fenner , Stefano Ermon

Supervised learning, characterized by both discriminative and generative learning, seeks to predict the values of single (or sometimes multiple) predefined target attributes based on a predefined set of predictor attributes. For…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-13 Yuan Jin , Wray Buntine , Francois Petitjean , Geoffrey I. Webb

Supervisory signals have the potential to make low-dimensional data representations, like those learned by mixture and topic models, more interpretable and useful. We propose a framework for training latent variable models that explicitly…

Although Gaussian processes (GPs) with deep kernels have been successfully used for meta-learning in regression tasks, its uncertainty estimation performance can be poor. We propose a meta-learning method for calibrating deep kernel GPs for…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-12-14 Tomoharu Iwata , Atsutoshi Kumagai