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We present a new average-based robustness score for Signal Temporal Logic (STL) and a framework for optimal control of a dynamical system under STL constraints. By averaging the scores of different specifications or subformulae at different…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-03-14 Noushin Mehdipour , Cristian-Ioan Vasile , Calin Belta

Signal Temporal Logic (STL) is a powerful specification language for describing complex temporal behaviors of continuous signals, making it well-suited for high-level robotic task descriptions. However, generating executable plans for STL…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Ruijia Liu , Ancheng Hou , Xiao Yu , Xiang Yin

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has shown promise in various robotics applications, yet its deployment on real systems is still limited due to safety and operational constraints. The safe RL field has gained considerable attention in recent…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Sadık Bera Yüksel , Ali Tevfik Buyukkocak , Derya Aksaray

This paper addresses the multi-agent control problem under global temporal logic tasks, considering agents with heterogeneous capabilities. These global tasks involve not only absolute and relative temporal and spatial constraints, but also…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-15 Tiange Yang , Yuanyuan Zou , Jinfeng Liu , Shaoyuan Li , Xiaohu Zhao

Recent years have seen an increasing use of Signal Temporal Logic (STL) as a formal specification language for symbolic control, due to its expressiveness and closeness to natural language. Furthermore, STL specifications can be encoded as…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-11 Yann Gilpin , Vince Kurtz , Hai Lin

In this paper, we propose a novel neural network model called RNN Encoder-Decoder that consists of two recurrent neural networks (RNN). One RNN encodes a sequence of symbols into a fixed-length vector representation, and the other decodes…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2014-09-04 Kyunghyun Cho , Bart van Merrienboer , Caglar Gulcehre , Dzmitry Bahdanau , Fethi Bougares , Holger Schwenk , Yoshua Bengio

G4LTL-ST automatically synthesizes control code for industrial Programmable Logic Controls (PLC) from timed behavioral specifications of input-output signals. These specifications are expressed in a linear temporal logic (LTL) extended with…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2014-05-16 Chih-Hong Cheng , Chung-Hao Huang , Harald Ruess , Stefan Stattelmann

We propose a signal temporal logic (STL)-based framework that rigorously verifies the feasibility of a mission described in STL and synthesizes control to safely execute it. The proposed framework ensures safe and reliable operation through…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-27 Joonwon Choi , Kartik Anand Pant , Youngim Nam , Henry Hellmann , Karthik Nune , Inseok Hwang

This paper develops a framework for synthesizing safety controllers for discrete-time stochastic linear control systems (dt-SLS) operating under communication imperfections. The control unit is remote and communicates with the sensor and…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-10 Omid Akbarzadeh , Mohammad H. Mamduhi , Abolfazl Lavaei

Encoding static images into spike trains is a fundamental step for enabling Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) to process visual information. However, widely used methods such as rate coding, Poisson encoding, and time-to-first-spike (TTFS)…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Minchi Hu

We investigate the task and motion planning problem for dynamical systems under signal temporal logic (STL) specifications. Existing works on STL control synthesis mainly focus on generating plans that satisfy properties over a single…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-04 Jianing Zhao , Bowen Ye , Xinyi Yu , Rupak Majumdar , Xiang Yin

This study considers the control problem with signal temporal logic (STL) specifications. Prior works have adopted smoothing techniques to address this problem within a feasible time frame and solve the problem by applying sequential…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-30 Yoshinari Takayama , Kazumune Hashimoto , Toshiyuki Ohtsuka

In recent years, event and self-triggered control have been proposed as energy-aware control strategies to expand the life-time of battery powered devices in Networked Control Systems (NCSs). In contrast to the previous works in which their…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-03-21 Kazumune Hashimoto , Shuichi Adachi , Dimos V. Dimarogonas

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) have demonstrated excellent capabilities in various intelligent scenarios. Most existing methods for training SNNs are based on the concept of synaptic plasticity; however, learning in the realistic brain also…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Hongze Sun , Wuque Cai , Baoxin Yang , Yan Cui , Yang Xia , Dezhong Yao , Daqing Guo

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) are brain-inspired mathematical models with the ability to process information in the form of spikes. SNNs are expected to provide not only new machine-learning algorithms, but also energy-efficient…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-01-16 Yusuke Sakemi , Kai Morino , Takashi Morie , Kazuyuki Aihara

Automatic synthesis from linear temporal logic (LTL) specifications is widely used in robotic motion planning, control of autonomous systems, and load distribution in power networks. A common specification pattern in such applications…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-04-03 Rayna Dimitrova , Mahsa Ghasemi , Ufuk Topcu

Signal Temporal Logic (STL) is a widely recognized formal specification language to express rigorous temporal requirements on mixed analog signals produced by cyber-physical systems (CPS). A relevant problem in CPS design is how to…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Beatrice Melani , Ezio Bartocci , Michele Chiari

Neural encoder-decoder models have been successful in natural language generation tasks. However, real applications of abstractive summarization must consider additional constraint that a generated summary should not exceed a desired…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-17 Sho Takase , Naoaki Okazaki

Control and communication are often tightly coupled in motion planning of networked mobile robots, due to the fact that robotic motions will affect the overall communication quality, and the quality of service (QoS) of the communication…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-12-05 Zhiyu Liu , Bo Wu , Jin Dai , Hai Lin

Temporal Logic (TL) guided control problems have gained interests in recent years. By using the TL, one can specify a wide range of temporal constraints on the system and is widely used in cyber-physical systems. On the other hand, Control…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2019-03-12 Guang Yang , Roberto Tron , Calin Belta
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