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We examine several conducting spheres moving through a magnetic field gradient. An analytical approximation is derived and an experiment is conducted to verify the analytical solution. The experiment is simulated as well to produce a…

Materials Science · Physics 2010-05-03 Adom Giffin , Mikhail Shneider , Chiranjeev S. Kalra , T. L. Ames , Richard B. Miles

A device consisted of a set of circular rings, the centers of which lie on an axis, behaves like a solenoid when the ratio of its radius and distance between two successive rings is greater than one. As this ratio decreases, the device…

Classical Physics · Physics 2021-02-03 Y. Contoyiannis , M. Kampitakis

We present a novel approach allowing an optically pumped magnetometer (OPM) to be operated within Earth's magnetic field as a vector magnetometer whose sensitive axis can be freely defined. This approach enables the measurement of any…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2024-08-20 Thomas Schönau , Theo Scholtes , Florian Wittkämper , Alexander Sekels , Stefan Hiebel , Gregor Oelsner , Ronny Stolz

Band bending is a central concept in solid-state physics that arises from local variations in charge distribution especially near semiconductor interfaces and surfaces. Its precision measurement is vital in a variety of contexts from the…

Silicon vacancy in silicon carbide has drawn much attention for various quantum sensing. However, most of the previous experiments are achieved using confocal scanning systems, which limit its applications in practical applications. In this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-22 Wei-Ke Quan , Lin Liu , Qin-Yue Luo , Xiao-Di Liu , Jun-Feng Wang

Electric field measurement in plasmas permits quantitative comparison between the experiment and the simulation in this study. An electro-optic (EO) sensor based on Pockels effect is demonstrated to measure wave electric fields in the…

We investigated physics students' learning experience and behaviour in a second-year laboratory by analyzing transcribed audio recordings of laboratory sessions. One student group was given both a problem and procedure and asked to analyze…

Physics Education · Physics 2021-08-25 Bei Cai , Lindsay A. Mainhood , Ryan Groome , Corinne Laverty , Alastair McLean

The estimation of the electric field in simple situations provides an opportunity to develop intuition about the models used in physics. We propose an activity aimed at university students of General Physics where the electric field of a…

Physics Education · Physics 2021-07-07 Alvaro Suarez , Martin Monteiro , Mateo Dutra , Arturo C. Marti

Magnetometry is an important tool prevalent in many applications such as fundamental research, material characterization and biological imaging. Atomic magnetometry conventionally makes use of two quantum states, the energy difference of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-10-02 Yotam Shapira , Yehonatan Dallal , Roee Ozeri , Ady Stern

Electricity in the atmosphere provides an ideal topic for educational outreach in environmental science. To support this objective, a simple instrument to measure real atmospheric electrical parameters has been developed and its performance…

Physics Education · Physics 2007-05-23 A. J. Bennett , R. G. Harrison

The nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond has become a widely used platform for quantum sensing. The four NV axes in mono-crystalline diamond specifically allow for vector magnetometry, with magnetic-field sensitivities reaching down to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-25 Dennis Lönard , Isabel Cardoso Barbosa , Stefan Johansson , Jonas Gutsche , Artur Widera

Atom interferometers deployed in space are excellent tools for high precision measurements, navigation, or Earth observation. In particular, differential interferometric setups feature common-mode noise suppression and enable reliable…

By using an ensemble of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers, the vector components of a time-varying (AC) magnetic field are measured in a phase sensitive manner. This allows for the determination of the magnetic field's polarization. This…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-01 M. S. J. Barson , T. J. Christie , J. P. Duff , K. Helmerson

The educational use of video and multimedia is increasing rapidly in secondary and higher education across all disciplines. Videos for physics education can be found in many universities and other educational institutions websites all over…

Physics Education · Physics 2012-11-20 M. Pilakouta , K. Mitritsakis , E. Fragkedakis , C. P. Varsamis

In-operando techniques enable real-time measurement of intricate physical properties at the micro- and nano-scale under external stimuli, allowing the study of a wide range of materials and functionalities. In nanomagnetism, in-operando…

On-chip magnetic field sensing with Nitrogen-Vacancy (NV) centers in diamond requires scalable integration of 3D waveguides into diamond substrates. Here, we develop a sensing array device with an ensemble of shallow implanted NV centers…

This lecture aims to present an overview of the properties of Hall effect devices. Descriptions of the Hall phenomenon, a review of the Hall effect device characteristics and of the various types of probes are presented. Particular…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2011-03-08 S. Sanfilippo

Much of the information about the magnetic field in the Milky Way and other galaxies comes from measurements which are path integrals, such as Faraday rotation and the polarization of synchrotron radiation of cosmic ray electrons. The…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-01-05 Steven R. Spangler

We report a new technique for generating magnetic resonance with synchronous modulation of two-photon resonant light fields. Magnetic resonances in fluorescence from a sodium cell are measured to demonstrate suitability of this technique…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2020-07-29 Raghwinder Singh Grewal , Mauricio Pulido , Gour Pati , Renu Tripathi

There exist two methods for finding the magnetic moment of the electron. In the first of them employed in quantum electrodynamics, one calculates the energy of the electron placed in a constant magnetic field, the extra energy due to the…

General Physics · Physics 2023-09-06 V. A. Golovko