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Related papers: Single-exposure x-ray dark-field imaging: quantify…

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Background: X-ray dark-field radiography uses small-angle scattering to visualize the structural integrity of lung alveoli. To study the influence of dose reduction on clinical dark-field radiographs, one can simulate low-dose images by…

Medical Physics · Physics 2026-01-19 Henriette Bast , Rafael C. Schick , Thomas Koehler , Franz Pfeiffer

The reflection spectrum produced by a cold medium illuminated by X-ray photons is not isotropic and its shape depends on the emission angle. In the reflection spectrum of an accretion disk of a black hole, the value of the emission angle…

The stability and emissivity of the online calibration blackbody used in high-precision infrared remote sensing detectors in extreme environments are the primary limiting factors for their measurement accuracy. Due to the limitations of…

Far-field characterization of small objects is severely constrained by the diffraction limit. Existing tools achieving sub-diffraction resolution often utilize point-by-point image reconstruction via scanning or labelling. Here, we present…

Curved single crystals are widely employed in spectrometer designs in the hard X-ray regime. Due to their large solid angle coverage and focusing properties, toroidally bent crystals are extremely useful in applications where the output of…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2020-06-11 Ari-Pekka Honkanen , Simo Huotari

Polarimetric imaging can provide valuable information about biological samples in a wide range of applications. Detrimental scattering however currently limits the imaging depth of in-vivo imaging to approximately 1 transport mean free…

Optics · Physics 2020-10-28 Kai Ling C. Seow , Peter Török , Matthew R. Foreman

Consider time-harmonic acoustic scattering from a bounded penetrable obstacle $D\subset \mathbb R^N$ embedded in a homogeneous background medium. The index of refraction characterizing the material inside $D$ is supposed to be H\"older…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2015-07-29 Guanghui Hu , Mikko Salo , Esa V. Vesalainen

We introduce a charge coupled device (CCD) camera based detection scheme in dynamic light scattering that provides information on the single-scattered auto-correlation function even for fairly turbid samples. It is based on the single…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-11-11 Pavel Zakharov , Suresh Bhat , Peter Schurtenberger , Frank Scheffold

The structure and dynamics of isolated nanosamples in free flight can be directly visualized via single-shot coherent diffractive imaging using the intense and short pulses of X-ray free-electron lasers. Wide-angle scattering images even…

The values of the signal-to-noise ratio are determined, at which the method of processing X-ray diffraction data reveals reflections with intensity less than the noise component of the background. The possibilities of the method are…

We propose a new, efficient multi-scale method to decompose a map (or signal in general) into components maps that contain structures of different sizes. In the widely-used wave transform, artifacts containing negative values arise around…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-04-11 Guang-Xing Li

Coherent diffractive imaging of individual free nanoparticles has opened novel routes for the in-situ analysis of their transient structural, optical, and electronic properties. So far, single-shot single-particle diffraction was assumed to…

What does the diffraction pattern from a single atom look like? How does it differ from the scattering from long range potential? With the development of new high-dynamic range pixel array detectors to measure the complete momentum…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2017-11-29 Michael C. Cao , Yimo Han , Zhen Chen , Yi Jiang , Kayla X. Nguyen , Emrah Turgut , Greg Fuchs , David A. Muller

In absence of a lens to form an image, incoherent or partially coherent light scattering off an obstructive or reflective object forms a broad intensity distribution in the far field with only feeble spatial features. We show here that…

We determine the diffractive scattering amplitude of a color-dipole on a nucleon using a non-perturbative model of QCD which contains only parameters taken from low-energy physics. This allows to relate specific features of the confinement…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 Michael Rueter , H. G. Dosch

Single-pixel imaging is an indirect imaging technique which utilizes simplified optical hardware and advanced computational methods. It offers novel solutions for hyper-spectral imaging, polarimetric imaging, three-dimensional imaging,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-01-12 Krzysztof M. Czajkowski , Anna Pastuszczak , Rafał Kotyński

Complex-field imaging is indispensable for numerous applications at wavelengths from X-ray to THz, with amplitude describing transmittance (or reflectivity) and phase revealing intrinsic structure of the target object. Coherent diffraction…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-07 Meng Li , Liheng Bian , Guoan Zheng , Andrew Maiden , Yang Liu , Yiming Li , Qionghai Dai , Jun Zhang

Inverse scattering problems without the phase information arise in imaging of nanostructures whose sizes are hundreds of nanometers as well as in imaging of biological cells. The governing equation is the 3-d generalized Helmholtz equation…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2015-10-05 Michael V. Klibanov , Loc H. Nguyen , Kejia Pan

We present a simple model to describe the lowest-subbands surface scattering in locally oxidized silicon nanowires grown in the [110] direction. To this end, we employ an atomistically scaled effective mass model projected from a…

Materials Science · Physics 2010-02-03 Panagiotis Drouvelis , Giorgos Fagas

The central idea of compressed sensing is to exploit the fact that most signals of interest are sparse in some domain and use this to reduce the number of measurements to encode. However, if the sparsity of the input signal is not precisely…